First comprehensive investigation of the major significance of female sinners turned saints in medieval literature. During the Middle Ages, the lives of saints such as Mary Magdalen and Mary of Egypt - "holy harlots", women who repented of an early life of licentiousness to become blessed - were hugely popular, for both clerical and laypersons, men and women alike. These legends are rife with paradox: the saints are presented as epitomes of a type of femininity universally accepted as a model for all Christians to emulate in their quest for salvation, but at the same time they constitute marginal figures who could be petitioned in support of unconventional beliefs and lifestyles. The holy harlot's potential to contain the markers of both sainthood and whoredom within a single female body was however rejected in the sixteenth century, and so this fascinating model of sanctity has since been largely overlooked. This book, the first full-length study on the topic, aims to redress the situation, demonstrating that the seapparent outliers transformed mainstream concepts of piety and womanhood. It uses the Old English Martyrology and the Old English Life of Mary of Egypt to show that the early English conceived harlots becoming saints as a move from female to queer rather than as a gender inversion. In the later Middle Ages, "holy harlot" lives in the French of England and in Middle English (including the South English Legendary, the Digby Mary Magdalene, and in lives by John Mirk and Osbern Bokenham) are shown to demonstrate the centrality, from the twelfth-century rise of affective piety, of the harlot saints' femininity as a model for Everyman. They can also be seen as an influence on the writings of such women as Christina of Markyate, Margery Kempe, and Elizabeth Barton, and key to the self-representation of Bernard of Clairvaux and the Wycliffites.

An exploration of the relations between medical and religious discourse and practice in medieval culture, focussing on how they are affected by gender. Current preoccupations with the body have led to a growing interest in the intersections between religion, literature and the history of medicine, and, more specifically, how they converge within a given culture. This collection of essays explores the ways in which aspects of medieval culture were predicated upon an interaction between medical and religious discourses, particularly those inflected by contemporary gendered ideologies. The essays interrogatethis convergence broadly in a number of different ways: textually, conceptually, historically, socially and culturally. They argue for an inextricable relationship between the physical and spiritual in accounts of health, illness and disability, and demonstrate how medical, religious and gender discourses were integrated in medieval culture. Naoe Kukita Yoshikawa is Professor of English in the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at Shizuoka University. Contributors: Louise M. Bishop, Elma Brenner, Joy Hawkins, Roberta Magnani, Takami Matsuda, Liz Herbert McAvoy, Irina Metzler, Denis Renevey, Patricia Skinner, Juliette Vuille, Diane Watt, Naoe Kukita Yoshikawa.