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Recent years have seen contestations of democracy all around the
globe. Democracy is challenged as a political as well as a
normative term, and as a form of governance. Against the background
of neoliberal transformation, populist mobilization, and xenophobic
exclusion, but also of radical and emancipatory democratic
projects, this collection offers a variety of critical and
challenging perspectives on the condition of democracy in the 21st
Century. The volumes provide theoretical and empirical enquiries
into the meaning and practice of liberal democracy, the erosion of
democratic institutions, and the consequences for citizenship and
everyday lives. With a pronounced focus on national and
transnational politics and processes, as well as postcolonial and
settler-colonial contexts, individual contributions scrutinize the
role of democratic societies, ideals, and ideologies of liberal
democracy within global power geometries. By employing the multiple
meanings of The Condition of Democracy, the collection addresses
the preconditions of democratic rule, the state this form of
governance is in, and the changing ways in which citizens can
(still) act as the sovereign in liberal democratic societies. The
books offer both challenging theoretical perspectives and rigorous
empirical findings of how to conceive of democracy in our times,
which will appeal to academics and students in social and political
science, economics and international relations amongst other
fields. The focus on developments in the Middle East and North
Africa will furthermore be of great usefulness to academics and the
wider public interested in the repercussions of western democracy
promotion as well as in contemporary struggles for democratization
'from below'.
Today, there is no comparable threat to Western democracies as the
rise of right-wing populism. While it has played an increasing role
at least since the 1990s, only the social consequences of the
global financial crises in 2008 have given its break that led to
UK's 'Brexit' and the election of Donald Trump as US President in
2016 but also promoted what has been called left populism in
countries that were hit the hardest from both the banking crisis
and consequential neo-liberal austerity politics in the EU like
Greece and Portugal. In 2017, the French Front National (FN)
attracted many voters in the French Presidential elections; we have
seen the radicalization of the Alternative fur Deutschland (AfD) in
Germany and the formation of centre-right government in Austria.
Further, we have witnessed the consolidation of autocratic regimes
as in the EU member states Poland and Greece. All these
manifestations of right-wing populism share a common feature: they
attack or even compromise the core elements of democratic societies
such as the separation of powers, protection of minorities, or the
rule of law. Despite a broad debate on the re-emergence of
'populism' in the transition from the twentieth to the twenty-first
century that has brought forth many interesting findings, a lack of
sociological reasoning cannot be denied as sociology itself
withdrew from theorising populism decades ago and left the field to
mainly political sciences and history. In a sense, Populism and the
Crisis of Democracy considers itself as a contribution to start
with filling this lacuna. Written in a direct and clear style, this
set of volumes will be an invaluable reference for students and
scholars in the field of political theory, political sociology and
European Studies.
Recent years have seen contestations of democracy all around the
globe. Democracy is challenged as a political as well as a
normative term, and as a form of governance. Against the background
of neoliberal transformation, populist mobilization, and xenophobic
exclusion, but also of radical and emancipatory democratic
projects, this collection offers a variety of critical and
challenging perspectives on the condition of democracy in the 21st
century. The volumes provide theoretical and empirical enquiries
into the meaning and practice of liberal democracy, the erosion of
democratic institutions, and the consequences for citizenship and
everyday lives. With a pronounced focus on national and
transnational politics and processes, as well as postcolonial and
settler colonial contexts, individual contributions scrutinize the
role of democratic societies, ideals, and ideologies of liberal
democracy within global power geometries. By employing the multiple
meanings of The Condition of Democracy, the collection addresses
the preconditions of democratic rule, the state this form of
governance is in, and the changing ways in which citizens can
(still) act as the sovereign in liberal democratic societies. The
books offer both challenging theoretical perspectives and rigorous
empirical findings of how to conceive of democracy in our times,
which will appeal to academics and students in social and political
science, economics, and international relations amongst other
fields. The focus on developments in the Middle East and North
Africa will furthermore be of great usefulness to academics and the
wider public interested in the repercussions of western democracy
promotion as well as in contemporary struggles for democratization
'from below'. During the last 50 years, liberal democracies have
been exposed to a fundamental reorganization of their
politico-economic structure that transformed them through the
impact of neo-liberal economic doctrines focused on low taxation,
free markets, and out-sourcing that have little regard in reality
for democratic institutions or liberal values. The failures of the
neoliberal 'remedy' for capitalism are now dramatically obvious
through the banking crisis of 2008-2011, the increase in income
inequality, the social and psychological damage caused by the
austerity packages across Europe, and widespread dependence on
experts whose influence over government policies typically goes
without public scrutiny. While this has only accelerated the
destruction of the social fabric in modern Western societies, the
dramatic redistribution of wealth and an open 'politics for the
rich' have also revealed the long-time well-covered alliance of the
global oligarchy with the Far Right that has the effect of
undermining democracy. The contributions to this volume discuss a
wide variety of processes of transformation, the social
consequences, dedemocratization and illiberalization of once
liberal democracies through the destructive impact of neoliberal
strategies. These strongly politico-economic contributions are
complemented with general sociological analyses of a number of
cultural aspects often neglected in analyses of democracy.
Democracy and citizenship are conceptually and empirically
contested. Against the backdrop of recent and current profound
transformations in and of democratic societies, this volume
presents and discusses acute contestations, within and beyond
national borders and boundaries. Democracy's crucial relationships,
between state and citizenry as well as amongst citizens, are
rearranged and re-ordered in various spheres and arenas, impacting
on core democratic principles such as accountability, legitimacy,
participation and trust. This volume addresses these refigurations
by bringing together empirical analyses and conceptual
considerations regarding the access to and exclusion from
citizenship rights in the face of migration regulation and
institutional transformation, and the role of violence in
maintaining or undermining social order. With its critical
reflection on the consequences and repercussions of such processes
for citizens' everyday lives and for the meaning of citizenship
altogether, this book transgresses disciplinary boundaries and puts
into dialogue the perspectives of political theory and sociology.
Classical liberal democratic theory has provided crucial ideas for
a still dominant and hegemonic discourse that rests on ideological
conceptions of freedom, equality, peacefulness, inclusive
democratic participation, and tolerance. While this may have held
some truth for citizens in Western liberal-capitalist societies,
such liberal ideals have never been realized in colonial,
postcolonial and settler colonial contexts. Liberal democracies are
not simply forms of rule in domestic national contexts but also
geo-political actors. As such, they have been the drivers of
processes of global oppression, colonizing and occupying countries
and people, appropriating indigenous land, annihilating people with
eliminatory politics right up to genocides. There can be no doubt
that the West - with its civilizational Judeo-Christian idea and
divine mission 'to subdue the world' - has destroyed other
civilizations, countries, trading systems, and traditional ways of
life and is responsible for the death of hundreds of millions of
human beings in the course of colonizing the world from its Empires
of trade through colonialism to settler colonialism and today's
politics of regime change. The book discusses the settler colonial
regime that Israel has established in Palestine while still
claiming to be a democracy. It discusses the failures of liberal
democracy to overcome the structural and racist inequalities in
post-Apartheid South Africa, and it presents hopeful outlooks on
new ideas and forms of democracy in social movements in the MENA
region.
At times of triumphant neo-liberalism cities increasingly become
objects of financial speculation. Formally, social and political
rights might not be abolished, yet factually they have become
inaccessible for large parts of the population. The contributions
gathered in this volume shed light on the clash between the
perspectives of restructuring and reordering urban environments in
the interest of investors and the manifold and innovative agencies
of resistance that claim and stand up for the rights of urban
citizenship. Renewed waves of urban transformation employ state
coercion to foster the expulsion of poor and marginalised
inhabitants from those urban spaces that attract interest from
speculators. The intervention of state agencies triggers the work
of hegemonic culture for reframing the housing issue and
implementing moral and political legitimation, as well as
legislation that restricts urban citizenship rights. The case
studies of the volume comparatively show the different and
sometimes contradictory patterns of these conflicts in Berlin,
Sydney, Belfast, Jerusalem, Amsterdam, and Istanbul as well as in
metropoles of Latin America and China. Innovative resistance
agencies emerge that paint possible paths for the re-establishment
of the right to the city as the core of urban citizenship.
Urban Change and Citizenship in Times of Crisis addresses the fact
that in the beginning of the twenty-first century the majority of
the world's population is urbanised, a social fact that has turned
cities more than ever into focal sites of social change. Multiple
economic and political strategies, employed by a variety of
individual and collective actors, on a number of scales, constitute
cities as contested spaces that hold opportunities as well as
restrictions for their inhabitants. While cities and urban spaces
have long been of central concern for the social sciences, today,
classical sociological questions about the city acquire new
meaning: Can cities be spaces of emancipation, or does life in the
modern city entail a corrosion of citizenship rights? Is the city
the focus of societal transformation processes, or do urban
environments lose importance in shaping social reality and economic
relationships? Furthermore, new questions urgently need to be
asked: What is the impact of different historical phenomena such as
neo-liberal restructuring, financial and economic crises, or
migration flows, as well as their respective counter-movements, on
the structure of contemporary cities and on the citizenship rights
of city inhabitants? The three volumes address such crucial
questions thereby opening up new spaces of debate on both the city
and new developments of urbanism. The contributions to Theories and
Concepts offer new theoretical reflections on the city in a
philosophical and historical perspective as well as fresh empirical
analyses of social life in urban contexts. Chapters not only
critically revisit classical and modern philosophical
considerations about the nature of cities but no less discuss
normative philosophical reflections of urban life and the role of
religion in historical processes of the emergence of cities.
Composed around the question whether there can be such a thing as a
'successful city', this volume addresses issues of urban political
subjectivities by considering the city's role in historical
processes of emancipation, the fight for citizenship rights, and
today's challenges and opportunities with regard to promoting
social justice, integration, and diversity. Consequentially,
theory-driven empirical analyses offer new insight into ways of
solving problems in urban contexts and a genuine approach to
analyse the Social Quality in cities.
The contributions to Urban neo- liberalisation bring together
critical analyses of the dynamics and processes neo- liberalism has
facilitated in urban contexts. Recent developments, such as
intensified economic investment and exposure to aggressive
strategies of banks, hedge- funds and investors, and long- term
processes of market- and state- led urban restructuration, have
produced uneven urban geographies and new forms of exclusion and
marginality. These strategies have no less transformed the
governance of cities by subordinating urban social life to
rationalities and practices of competition within and between
cities, and they also heavily impact on city inhabitants'
experience of everyday life. Against the backdrop of recent
austerity politics and a marketisation of cities, this volume
discusses processes of urban neo- liberalisation with regard to
democracy and citizenship, inclusion and exclusion, opportunities,
and life- chances. It addresses pressing issues of commodification
of housing and home, activation of civil society, vulnerability,
and the right to the city.
Classical liberal democratic theory has provided crucial ideas for
a still dominant and hegemonic discourse that rests on ideological
conceptions of freedom, equality, peacefulness, inclusive
democratic participation, and tolerance. While this may have held
some truth for citizens in Western liberal-capitalist societies,
such liberal ideals have never been realized in colonial,
postcolonial and settler colonial contexts. Liberal democracies are
not simply forms of rule in domestic national contexts but also
geo-political actors. As such, they have been the drivers of
processes of global oppression, colonizing and occupying countries
and people, appropriating indigenous land, annihilating people with
eliminatory politics right up to genocides. There can be no doubt
that the West - with its civilizational Judeo-Christian idea and
divine mission 'to subdue the world' - has destroyed other
civilizations, countries, trading systems, and traditional ways of
life and is responsible for the death of hundreds of millions of
human beings in the course of colonizing the world from its Empires
of trade through colonialism to settler colonialism and today's
politics of regime change. The book discusses the settler colonial
regime that Israel has established in Palestine while still
claiming to be a democracy. It discusses the failures of liberal
democracy to overcome the structural and racist inequalities in
post-Apartheid South Africa, and it presents hopeful outlooks on
new ideas and forms of democracy in social movements in the MENA
region.
Democracy and citizenship are conceptually and empirically
contested. Against the backdrop of recent and current profound
transformations in and of democratic societies, this volume
presents and discusses acute contestations, within and beyond
national borders and boundaries. Democracy's crucial relationships,
between state and citizenry as well as amongst citizens, are
rearranged and re-ordered in various spheres and arenas, impacting
on core democratic principles such as accountability, legitimacy,
participation and trust. This volume addresses these refigurations
by bringing together empirical analyses and conceptual
considerations regarding the access to and exclusion from
citizenship rights in the face of migration regulation and
institutional transformation, and the role of violence in
maintaining or undermining social order. With its critical
reflection on the consequences and repercussions of such processes
for citizens' everyday lives and for the meaning of citizenship
altogether, this book transgresses disciplinary boundaries and puts
into dialogue the perspectives of political theory and sociology.
Recent years have seen contestations of democracy all around the
globe. Democracy is challenged as a political as well as a
normative term, and as a form of governance. Against the background
of neoliberal transformation, populist mobilization, and xenophobic
exclusion, but also of radical and emancipatory democratic
projects, this collection offers a variety of critical and
challenging perspectives on the condition of democracy in the 21st
century. The volumes provide theoretical and empirical enquiries
into the meaning and practice of liberal democracy, the erosion of
democratic institutions, and the consequences for citizenship and
everyday lives. With a pronounced focus on national and
transnational politics and processes, as well as postcolonial and
settler colonial contexts, individual contributions scrutinize the
role of democratic societies, ideals, and ideologies of liberal
democracy within global power geometries. By employing the multiple
meanings of The Condition of Democracy, the collection addresses
the preconditions of democratic rule, the state this form of
governance is in, and the changing ways in which citizens can
(still) act as the sovereign in liberal democratic societies. The
books offer both challenging theoretical perspectives and rigorous
empirical findings of how to conceive of democracy in our times,
which will appeal to academics and students in social and political
science, economics, and international relations amongst other
fields. The focus on developments in the Middle East and North
Africa will furthermore be of great usefulness to academics and the
wider public interested in the repercussions of western democracy
promotion as well as in contemporary struggles for democratization
'from below'. During the last 50 years, liberal democracies have
been exposed to a fundamental reorganization of their
politico-economic structure that transformed them through the
impact of neo-liberal economic doctrines focused on low taxation,
free markets, and out-sourcing that have little regard in reality
for democratic institutions or liberal values. The failures of the
neoliberal 'remedy' for capitalism are now dramatically obvious
through the banking crisis of 2008-2011, the increase in income
inequality, the social and psychological damage caused by the
austerity packages across Europe, and widespread dependence on
experts whose influence over government policies typically goes
without public scrutiny. While this has only accelerated the
destruction of the social fabric in modern Western societies, the
dramatic redistribution of wealth and an open 'politics for the
rich' have also revealed the long-time well-covered alliance of the
global oligarchy with the Far Right that has the effect of
undermining democracy. The contributions to this volume discuss a
wide variety of processes of transformation, the social
consequences, dedemocratization and illiberalization of once
liberal democracies through the destructive impact of neoliberal
strategies. These strongly politico-economic contributions are
complemented with general sociological analyses of a number of
cultural aspects often neglected in analyses of democracy.
Recent years have seen contestations of democracy all around the
globe. Democracy is challenged as a political as well as a
normative term, and as a form of governance. Against the background
of neoliberal transformation, populist mobilization, and xenophobic
exclusion, but also of radical and emancipatory democratic
projects, this collection offers a variety of critical and
challenging perspectives on the condition of democracy in the 21st
Century. The volumes provide theoretical and empirical enquiries
into the meaning and practice of liberal democracy, the erosion of
democratic institutions, and the consequences for citizenship and
everyday lives. With a pronounced focus on national and
transnational politics and processes, as well as postcolonial and
settler-colonial contexts, individual contributions scrutinize the
role of democratic societies, ideals, and ideologies of liberal
democracy within global power geometries. By employing the multiple
meanings of The Condition of Democracy, the collection addresses
the preconditions of democratic rule, the state this form of
governance is in, and the changing ways in which citizens can
(still) act as the sovereign in liberal democratic societies. The
books offer both challenging theoretical perspectives and rigorous
empirical findings of how to conceive of democracy in our times,
which will appeal to academics and students in social and political
science, economics and international relations amongst other
fields. The focus on developments in the Middle East and North
Africa will furthermore be of great usefulness to academics and the
wider public interested in the repercussions of western democracy
promotion as well as in contemporary struggles for democratization
'from below'.
This volume Boundaries of Inclusion and Exclusion examines the many
different and newly emerging ways in which citizenship refers to
spatial, symbolic and social boundaries. Today, in the context of
citizenship we face processes of inclusion and exclusion on
national and supranational level but no less on the level of groups
and individuals. The book addresses these different levels and
discusses processes of inclusion and exclusion with regard to
spatial, social and symbolic boundaries referring to such different
problems as political participation, migration, or identity with
regard to religion or the EU. This book will appeal to academics
working in the field of political theory, political sociology and
European studies.
Urban Change and Citizenship in Times of Crisis addresses the fact
that in the beginning of the twenty-first century the majority of
the world's population is urbanised, a social fact that has turned
cities more than ever into focal sites of social change. Multiple
economic and political strategies, employed by a variety of
individual and collective actors, on a number of scales, constitute
cities as contested spaces that hold opportunities as well as
restrictions for their inhabitants. While cities and urban spaces
have long been of central concern for the social sciences, today,
classical sociological questions about the city acquire new
meaning: Can cities be spaces of emancipation, or does life in the
modern city entail a corrosion of citizenship rights? Is the city
the focus of societal transformation processes, or do urban
environments lose importance in shaping social reality and economic
relationships? Furthermore, new questions urgently need to be
asked: What is the impact of different historical phenomena such as
neo-liberal restructuring, financial and economic crises, or
migration flows, as well as their respective counter-movements, on
the structure of contemporary cities and on the citizenship rights
of city inhabitants? The three volumes address such crucial
questions thereby opening up new spaces of debate on both the city
and new developments of urbanism. The contributions to Theories and
Concepts offer new theoretical reflections on the city in a
philosophical and historical perspective as well as fresh empirical
analyses of social life in urban contexts. Chapters not only
critically revisit classical and modern philosophical
considerations about the nature of cities but no less discuss
normative philosophical reflections of urban life and the role of
religion in historical processes of the emergence of cities.
Composed around the question whether there can be such a thing as a
'successful city', this volume addresses issues of urban political
subjectivities by considering the city's role in historical
processes of emancipation, the fight for citizenship rights, and
today's challenges and opportunities with regard to promoting
social justice, integration, and diversity. Consequentially,
theory-driven empirical analyses offer new insight into ways of
solving problems in urban contexts and a genuine approach to
analyse the Social Quality in cities.
The contributions to Urban neo- liberalisation bring together
critical analyses of the dynamics and processes neo- liberalism has
facilitated in urban contexts. Recent developments, such as
intensified economic investment and exposure to aggressive
strategies of banks, hedge- funds and investors, and long- term
processes of market- and state- led urban restructuration, have
produced uneven urban geographies and new forms of exclusion and
marginality. These strategies have no less transformed the
governance of cities by subordinating urban social life to
rationalities and practices of competition within and between
cities, and they also heavily impact on city inhabitants'
experience of everyday life. Against the backdrop of recent
austerity politics and a marketisation of cities, this volume
discusses processes of urban neo- liberalisation with regard to
democracy and citizenship, inclusion and exclusion, opportunities,
and life- chances. It addresses pressing issues of commodification
of housing and home, activation of civil society, vulnerability,
and the right to the city.
At times of triumphant neo-liberalism cities increasingly become
objects of financial speculation. Formally, social and political
rights might not be abolished, yet factually they have become
inaccessible for large parts of the population. The contributions
gathered in this volume shed light on the clash between the
perspectives of restructuring and reordering urban environments in
the interest of investors and the manifold and innovative agencies
of resistance that claim and stand up for the rights of urban
citizenship. Renewed waves of urban transformation employ state
coercion to foster the expulsion of poor and marginalised
inhabitants from those urban spaces that attract interest from
speculators. The intervention of state agencies triggers the work
of hegemonic culture for reframing the housing issue and
implementing moral and political legitimation, as well as
legislation that restricts urban citizenship rights. The case
studies of the volume comparatively show the different and
sometimes contradictory patterns of these conflicts in Berlin,
Sydney, Belfast, Jerusalem, Amsterdam, and Istanbul as well as in
metropoles of Latin America and China. Innovative resistance
agencies emerge that paint possible paths for the re-establishment
of the right to the city as the core of urban citizenship.
Today, there is no comparable threat to Western democracies as the
rise of right-wing populism. While it has played an increasing role
at least since the 1990s, only the social consequences of the
global financial crises in 2008 have given its break that led to
UK's 'Brexit' and the election of Donald Trump as US President in
2016 but also promoted what has been called left populism in
countries that were hit the hardest from both the banking crisis
and consequential neo-liberal austerity politics in the EU like
Greece and Portugal. In 2017, the French Front National (FN)
attracted many voters in the French Presidential elections; we have
seen the radicalization of the Alternative fur Deutschland (AfD) in
Germany and the formation of centre-right government in Austria.
Further, we have witnessed the consolidation of autocratic regimes
as in the EU member states Poland and Greece. All these
manifestations of right-wing populism share a common feature: they
attack or even compromise the core elements of democratic societies
such as the separation of powers, protection of minorities, or the
rule of law. Despite a broad debate on the re-emergence of
'populism' in the transition from the twentieth to the twenty-first
century that has brought forth many interesting findings, a lack of
sociological reasoning cannot be denied as sociology itself
withdrew from theorising populism decades ago and left the field to
mainly political sciences and history. In a sense, Populism and the
Crisis of Democracy considers itself as a contribution to start
with filling this lacuna. Written in a direct and clear style, this
set of volumes will be an invaluable reference for students and
scholars in the field of political theory, political sociology and
European Studies.
This volume Boundaries of Inclusion and Exclusion examines the many
different and newly emerging ways in which citizenship refers to
spatial, symbolic and social boundaries. Today, in the context of
citizenship we face processes of inclusion and exclusion on
national and supranational level but no less on the level of groups
and individuals. The book addresses these different levels and
discusses processes of inclusion and exclusion with regard to
spatial, social and symbolic boundaries referring to such different
problems as political participation, migration, or identity with
regard to religion or the EU. This book will appeal to academics
working in the field of political theory, political sociology and
European studies.
Robert King Merton (1910 - 2003) gilt heute langst als Klassiker
der Soziologie. Er kann als der bedeutendste Soziologe der zweiten
Halfte des 20. Jahrhunderts und als Wegbereiter einer modernen
Soziologie bezeichnet werden, die das konstitutive Verhaltnis von
soziologischer Theorie und empirischer Forschung ins Zentrum des
Interesses geruckt hat. Aufgrund seiner Beitrage zur Sozialtheorie,
zur Begriffsbildung in der Soziologie und seiner vielfaltigen
inhaltlichen und empirischen Arbeiten spielt Merton bis heute eine
bedeutende Rolle in der Soziologie als wissenschaftlicher
Disziplin.
Staatsburgerschaft (Citizenship) ist eine der zentralen
Institutionen moderner Gesellschaften, doch wie kaum eine andere
steht sie seit einigen Jahren vor enormen Herausforderungen.
Globalisierung und Neoliberalismus, EU-Burgerschaft sowie
supranationale und globale Regime und nicht zuletzt die Forderungen
ethnischer und kultureller Gruppen nach Sonder- und Gruppenrechten
haben Zweifel an der Staatsburgerschaft als Instrument der sozialen
Integration moderner Gesellschaften aufkommen lassen. Der
vorliegende Band dokumentiert die wichtigsten klassischen Beitrage
zum nationalen Modell der Staatsburgerschaft und versammelt ferner
aktuelle Beitrage, die sich mit der kunftigen Bedeutung moderner
Staatsburgerschaft sowie mit neuen Modellen von Mitgliedschaft und
Zugehoerigkeit auseinandersetzen.
Die Theorie sozialer Schliessung ist ein ungleichheits-, konflikt-
und machttheoretischer Ansatz zur Analyse des Auschlusses von
Individuen von jeglicher Art sozialer Systeme und deren Kampf um
Inklusion. Der Sammelband vereinigt klassische Texte und aktuelle
schliessungstheoretische Analysen der politischen, okonomischen,
sozialen und kulturellen Partizipation von Individuen in modernen
Gesellschaften.
Mit Beitragen von Frank Parkin, Randall Collins, Raymond Murphy,
Loic Wacquant, Sighard Neckel, Sylvia Wilz, Heinz Bude, June
Edmunds, Bryan S. Turner, Phillip Brown, Jurgen Mackert"
Im Zeitalter der Globalisierung und Transnationalisierung ist die
Institution nationaler Staatsburgerschaft ins Zentrum
wissenschaftlicher und politischer Auseinandersetzungen geruckt.
Prozesse der Entgrenzung, der partiellen De-Nationalisierung und
des tendenziellen Souveranitatsverlustes des Nationalstaates haben
die mit nationaler Staatsburgerschaft verbundenen Gewissheiten
fraglich werden lassen. Das Feld wissenschaftlicher Diskussion
beherrschten bisher weitgehend normativ gefuhrte Debatten. Was
fehlt, ist eine Soziologie der Staatsburgerschaft, die diese
Institution als Integrationsinstrument moderner Gesellschaften
begreift und angesichts neuer und alter gesellschaftlicher Probleme
wie sozialer Ungleichheit, Armut und Ausgrenzung, sozialer
Gerechtigkeit, politischer Partizipation oder der zunehmenden
ethnischen und kulturellen Heterogenisierung moderner
Gesellschaften nach der analytischen Kapazitat des Konzepts fragt.
Der Band vereinigt klassische und zeitgenossische Beitrage, die
eine sozialwissenschaftliche Perspektive eroffnen, und wendet sich
an die Sozial-, Politik-, Wirtschafts- und Geschichtswissenschaften
ebenso wie an Philosophie und Padagogik."
Die Institution der Staatsburgerschaft (Citizenship) scheint in
modernen Gesell- schaften eine Selbstverstandlichkeit zu sein. Sie
gilt offensichtlich unhinterfragt als gegeben und unproblematisch,
und die Sozialwissenschaften haben ihr des- halb lange Zeit wenig
Interesse entgegengebracht. Nach einer langen Phase, in der die
Staatsburgerschaft schon voellig von der Tagesordnung verschwunden
schien, hat sich dies in den vergangenen Jahren grundlegend
geandert: Staats- burgerschaft steht inzwischen im Zentrum
wichtiger gesellschaftspolitischer Debatten. Eines der zentralen
Problemfelder stellt das Verhaltnis von Staatsbur- gerschaft und
Immigration dar. In Deutschland hat sich die Soziologie merkwur-
digerweise fast vollstandig aus dieser Diskussion herausgehalten -
von einer Auseinandersetzung um Staatsburgerschaft kann in der
Disziplin keine Rede sein. Zugleich hat die politische Diskussion
um das Verhaltnis von Staatsburger- schaft und Immigration
Hochkonjunktur. Sie ist gekennzeichnet durch ein kultu-
ralistisches UEbergewicht, und auf beiden Seiten des politischen
Spektrums ran- ken Mythen und Legenden um die Rechtsinstitution der
Staatsburgerschaft. Eine Einmischung in diese Debatte aus der
Perspektive einer kritischen Soziologie ist bisher nicht zu
vernehmen. Diese Lucke gilt es zu fullen. Die folgende Studie setzt
sich deshalb zum Ziel, sowohl die wissenschaftliche Diskussion
voranzu- bringen als auch zur Versachlichung der politischen
Diskussion beizutragen. Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde im Juli 1998
von der Philosophischen Fakultat III der Humboldt-Universitat zu
Berlin als Dissertation angenommen. An dieser Stelle moechte ich
einigen Personen danken, die zum Gelingen die- ser Arbeit
beigetragen haben.
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