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It is a great challenge in chemistry to clarify every detail of
reaction processes. In older days chemists mixed starting materials
in a flask and took the resul tants out of it after a while,
leaving all the intermediate steps uncleared as a sort of black
box. One had to be content with only changing temperature and
pressure to accelerate or decelerate chemical reactions, and there
was almost no hope of initiating new reactions. However, a number
of new techniques and new methods have been introduced and have
provided us with a clue to the examination of the black box of
chemical reaction. Flash photolysis, which was invented in the
1950s, is such an example; this method has been combined with
high-resolution electronic spectroscopy with photographic recording
of the spectra to provide a large amount of precise and detailed
data on transient molecules which occur as intermediates during the
course of chemical reac tions. In 1960 a fundamentally new light
source was devised, i. e., the laser. When the present author and
coworkers started high-resolution spectroscopic stud ies of
transient molecules at a new research institute, the Institute for
Molecu lar Science in Okazaki in 1975, the time was right to
exploit this new light source and its microwave precursor in order
to shed light on the black box."
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