Revised and updated, this highly acclaimed work remains the most comprehensive source of information available on organic pigments. It provides up-to-date information on synthesis, reaction mechanism, physical and chemical properties, test methods, and applications of all the industrially produced organic pigments available on the world market. New to this fourth edition are chapters on the latest applications and three-dimensional X-ray analysis, while the chapters on legislation, ecology, and toxicology have been rewritten to reflect recent developments. Key features: Provides the reader with everything there is to know about organic pigments. Sets an unrivalled international standard for information on the synthesis, reaction mechanisms, properties, relevant test methods, and applications of organic pigments. Contains all industrially produced pigments of the world market. Even those which can no longer be found in producers' catalogs are described. Standardized methods allow test results to be compared throughout the book. Gives useful hints as to which pigment is best for a given application. Praise for previous editions: ..".This volume can be recommended unreservedly to industrial and academic practitioners concerned in any way with the technological aspects of organic pigments. .." -Dyes and Pigments ..".The authors have succeeded to present an excellent and critical review on the state of the art of organic pigments...This book has already become a standard in the field of organic coatings science..." -Progress in Organic Coatings ..".This book is a very wide-ranging reference work...it would be difficult to find a topic in this field that is not covered." -Ecochem ..".can be recommended unreservedly to industrial and academic practitioners. Presentation throughout is of highest quality..." -Dyes and Pigments "A complete presentation of organic pigments in the context of their industrial importance, without competition as far a

The first helium star was discovered in 1942, the first scientific meeting on the subject, however, took place in 1985. The meeting was hence long overdue for, in the meantime, a substantial amount of material had been accumulated by a rather small, but active scientific community. Hence, it appeared necessary to review the field in order to define the subject, assess its present status and discuss future developments. Hydrogen deficiency is a widespread phenomenon, occurring in a large variety of stellar and nonstellar objects. It can be readily detected in B stars as these exhibit both hydrogen and helium lines, if the elements are present in appreciable amounts. It becomes less manifest in cool stars, where the temperature is too low to excite helium and where one has to devise indirect methods for proving hydrogen deficiency. Clearly, it was not possible to discuss the whole complex of hydrogen deficiency, i.e. in both stars and diffuse matter, but rather to concentrate on the issue of helium stars.