Misplaced Mausoleum tells the story of how the lives of two orphan boys later affect the lives of their grandsons. Alan Wilson, now an old man, must decide what to do about the secret in the Mausoleum. A pact with his friends was made years ago that the last survivor would decide if the secret would be revealed or sealed forever. Alan decides to tell the story to Matt, a young man, in the hope that he will understand the consequences of what will happen if the secret is revealed. Alan relates the secret to Matt in a variety of short stories written by Alan's friends to help conceal the mystery. The purpose is to protect a man every one of them loves, Papa Wilson

Papa (Edmond) Wilson is a kind, loving and gentle person of high morals and integrity. He is a financial wizard, respected by all who know him. Papa collapses in his office and is taken to the hospital. His doctor says that he is in fine health both mentally and physically but he appears to have no recollection of the previous twenty-four hours. What would cause Papa to lose his memory under such mysterious circumstances?

This book is a contribution to the history of ethology-not a definitive history, but the personal view of a major figure in that story. It is all the more welcome because such a grand theme as ethology calls for a range of perspectives. One reason is the overarching scope of the subject. Two great questions about life that constitute much of biology are "How does it work (structure and function)?" and "How did it get that way (evolu tion and ontogeny)?" Ethology addresses the antecedent of "it. " Of what are we trying to explain the mechanism and development? Surely behav ior, in all its wealth of detail, variation, causation, and control, is the main achievement of animal evolution, the essential consequence of animal structure and function, the raison d' etre of all the rest. Ethology thus spans between and overlaps with the ever-widening circles of ecol ogy over the eons and the ever-narrowing focus of physiology of the neurons. Another reason why the history of ethology needs perspectives is the recency of its acceptance. For such an obviously major aspect of animal biology, it is curious how short a time-less than three decades-has seen the excitement of an active field and a substantial fraternity of work ers, the addition of professors and courses to departments and curricula in biology (still far from universal}, and the normal complement of spe cial journals, symposia, and sessions at congresses."

This book is a contribution to the history of ethology-not a definitive history, but the personal view of a major figure in that story. It is all the more welcome because such a grand theme as ethology calls for a range of perspectives. One reason is the overarching scope of the subject. Two great questions about life that constitute much of biology are "How does it work (structure and function)?" and "How did it get that way (evolu tion and ontogeny)?" Ethology addresses the antecedent of "it. " Of what are we trying to explain the mechanism and development? Surely behav ior, in all its wealth of detail, variation, causation, and control, is the main achievement of animal evolution, the essential consequence of animal structure and function, the raison d' etre of all the rest. Ethology thus spans between and overlaps with the ever-widening circles of ecol ogy over the eons and the ever-narrowing focus of physiology of the neurons. Another reason why the history of ethology needs perspectives is the recency of its acceptance. For such an obviously major aspect of animal biology, it is curious how short a time-less than three decades-has seen the excitement of an active field and a substantial fraternity of work ers, the addition of professors and courses to departments and curricula in biology (still far from universal}, and the normal complement of spe cial journals, symposia, and sessions at congresses."

Die Einzigartigkeit des Menschen wird oft auch von solchen nicht voll ge- wUrdigt, die emport gegen die Ergebnisse der Abstammungslehre protestieren und es durchaus nicht wahr haben wollen, daB der Mensch irgendwelche Struktureigenschaften seiner tierischen Ahnen unverandert in sich tragt. Eine neue Eigenschaft oder Leistung eines organischen Systems entsteht in der Stammesgeschichte fast immer dadurch, daB zwei oder mehrere, bisher un- abhangig voneinander funktionierende Untersysteme zu einer Einheit hoherer Ebene integriert werden. Diese besitzt dann unvorhergesehene, vorher schlechterdings nicht dagewesene Funktionseigenschaften, die sich in den Einzelfunktionen der noch nicht integrierten Untersysteme nicht, auch nicht in Andeutungen oder Orimenten" auffinden lassen. Jeder derartige Schritt der Evolution schaffi einen wesensmajligen, nicht etwa nur einen graduellen oder quantitativen Unterschied. Die neue Funktionseigenschaft, deren Entstehung die Menschwerdung be- deutete, besteht in der Fahigkeit, Tradition zu kumulieren. Echte Tradition lebenserhaltenden Wissens kommt auch bei hoheren Tieren vor, nur kennen wir keine Tierart, bei der sie, von Generation zu Generation anwachsend, Schatze Uber-individuellen Wissens anhauft. Bei den hochstentwickelten Tie- ren, insbesonders bei unseren nachsten zoologischen Verwandten, finden sich auch Leistungen, die unserem begrifflichen Denken auBerordentlich nahe kommen. Die Vereinigung von begrifflichem Denken und tradiertem Wissen aber kommt bei keinem Tiere vor, sie aber bildete die Voraussetzung fUr die Entstehung der symbolischen und syntaktischen Sprache, die ihrerseits zum wichtigsten Organ der Weitergabe und Anhaufung kollektiven Menschheits- wissens wurde. Eine unfruchtbare Diskussion hat darUber stattgefunden, ob das echte be- griffliche Denken des Menschen vor der Sprache entstand, oder umgekehrt.

ihr eine gezielt beschnittene Doktrin zu machen, zu deren Verwaltung sich eif- rige Leute drangen. - In jedem der verglichenen Falle war das durchaus nicht, im Sinne der Erfinder". Da ist es zur Klarung allemal gut, zu den Quellen hinaufzusteigen und nachzusehen, wo die Ursprunge waren, und wie sich alles seinerzeit entwickelt hat. Dabei scharft sich der Blick fur den wesentlichen Kern und das Beiwerk, sowie fur sachliche und persoenliche Grunde und Bedeutung unausweichlicher Auseinandersetzungen. So sehe ich den Sinn dieses Buches. Ob es ganz objektiv ist? - Das ware zuviel verlangt! Denn wer kann die Entwicklung seiner Kinder ganz objektiv sehen? Dass es redlich ist, darauf kommt es an; und das muss man ihm zuerkennen. Nicht das Durchsetzen einer Doktrin wird hier betrieben, sondern hier werden dargestellt die Entwicklung und der Inhalt eines neu-entstandenen Wissenschaftszweiges und seiner vielfal- tigen und sorgsam abgewogenen Methoden. Das Buch ist aueh frei von der Meinung, man musse - um das Gesicht zu wahren - auf Entdeckungsschritten verharren, die einst originell waren, nun aber teilweise uberholt sind. Der Ver- fasser zeigt sich offen jeder sinnvollen Kritik und Korrektur, ist jedoch ausrei- chend unhoeflich, um unhaltbare Einwande begrundet abzuweisen.

Misplaced Mausoleum tells the story of how the lives of two orphan boys later affect the lives of their grandsons. Alan Wilson, now an old man, must decide what to do about the secret in the Mausoleum. A pact with his friends was made years ago that the last survivor would decide if the secret would be revealed or sealed forever. Alan decides to tell the story to Matt, a young man, in the hope that he will understand the consequences of what will happen if the secret is revealed. Alan relates the secret to Matt in a variety of short stories written by Alan's friends to help conceal the mystery. The purpose is to protect a man every one of them loves, Papa Wilson

Papa (Edmond) Wilson is a kind, loving and gentle person of high morals and integrity. He is a financial wizard, respected by all who know him. Papa collapses in his office and is taken to the hospital. His doctor says that he is in fine health both mentally and physically but he appears to have no recollection of the previous twenty-four hours. What would cause Papa to lose his memory under such mysterious circumstances?