This text provides design and analysis data on planar microwave transmission structures including microstrip lines, slotlines and coplanar waveguides. It offers comprehensive information on transmission structures used in hybrid and monolithic circuits at microwave and mm-wave frequencies. Included in this revised edition are: expanded and updated coverage of coplanar lines and finlines; design formulas and models on printed transmission lines and their discontinuities; data on microstrip elements and applications in mobile and wireless communications; and analytical techniques such as the Finite Element Method, the Transmission Line Matrix Method and the Segmentation and Boundary Element Method.

With communications technologies rapidly expanding, the traditional separation of electronic circuits and antenna systems design is no longer feasible. This book covers various design approaches applicable to integrated circuit-antenna modules with the goal of placing the antenna, transmitter, and receiver all on a single chip. It emphasizes analysis and design involving the integration of circuit functions with radiating elements and addresses trends in systems miniaturization.

The Olympiad sample papers have been developed by experts in their respective fields to make students familiar with the syllabus covered in the exam and the questionasking pattern followed by the marking scheme. Set on the lines of MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) format adopted in the exam, there are two sets of papers on each of Mathematics, Science, Cyber and English Olympiads for Class 4. Answers keys are given to enable students to verify the correctness of the answers. Where necessary, steps to solving questions are also given. Students can practice through these papers, check their scores, and assess their level of preparedness and knowledge. This kind of meticulous attention to detail is sure to help them make a smart plan and strategy for preparation of these challenging NCO, NSO, IEO and IMO exams. From the sample papers, students will get a fair idea about the type of questions asked in the examination. In this series, we present for students a full range of sample papers from Class 1st to 10th. Syllabus, question patterns, and marking arrangements are given so that the student can learn and prepare for the exam accordingly. These sample papers will prove to be of premier importance while preparing for the Olympiad exams.

Synthetic oligonucleotides act as a fuel for engine of modern molecular biology. One of the major application of these biomolecules is in construction of oligonucleotide microarrays or biochips. Microarrays are monolithic, flat surfaces that bear multiple probe sites and each bear a reagent whose molecular recognition of a complementary molecule can result to a signal that is detected by an imaging technology, most often fluorescence. Large-scale genotyping, gene-expression profiling, and disease diagnosis are some of the main applications of biochips. At the present time, this technology of arrayed nucleic acids is employed in many areas, from genetics to molecular medicine to industrial production. This book will give you an insight to efficient strategies for microarray fabrication using modified/unmodified oligonucleotides and glass microslides. In addition, chemical reagents for the estimation of functional group density on solid supports are discussed.