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The thirteenth volume in the Documents on Irish Foreign Policy
(DIFP) series runs from April 1965 to July 1969. It covers the
Fianna Fail governments of Sean Lemass (April 1965 to November
1966) and Jack Lynch (November 1966 to July 1969) in which Frank
Aiken was Minister for External Affairs. The four years and three
months covered by DIFP XIII saw significant changes in the
international context in which Ireland conducted its foreign
policy. In 1965 the hope of the Department of External Affairs was
that Ireland would enter the European Economic Community (EEC)
before 1970. EEC entry would take place alongside that of Britain,
an Anglo-Irish Free Trade Area (AIFTA) having come into operation
in 1966, cementing trade between Ireland and its principal trading
partner. Overall, the United Nations would remain the benchmark of
global Irish foreign policy. Peacekeeping, advocating nuclear
non-proliferation and ensuring the proper financing of the United
Nations as well as promoting decolonisation and the universality of
the United Nations system within the bipolar world of the Cold War
remained central to 1960s Irish foreign policy. These assumptions
were thrown out of balance by the continuing refusal of France to
facilitate the expansion of the EEC and EEC membership remained out
of reach for Ireland. Dublin's fragile relations with Belfast were
destabilised with the emergence of new social and political forces
in Northern Ireland and the recurrence of sectarian violence. The
Department of External Affairs proved initially unable to respond
comprehensively to this new environment in Northern Ireland, which
was the precursor to the outbreak of the Troubles in 1969. Improved
economic and political relations with London were affected by local
and international economic difficulties and also as a consequence
of events in Northern Ireland. At the United Nations, superpower
politics constrained Irish attempts to follow up the success of the
1968 Nuclear Non- Proliferation Treaty with a major policy
initiative on the financing of international peacekeeping missions.
Offering a fresh new perspective on the history of the end of
Empire, with the Irish and Indian independence movements as its
focus, this book details how each country s nationalist agitators
engaged with each other and exchanged ideas. Using previously
unpublished sources from the Indian Political Intelligence
collection; it chronicles the rise and fall of movements such as
the Indian-Irish Independence League and the League Against
Imperialism whose histories have, until now, remained deeply hidden
in the archives. The maturation of the Indo-Irish nexus documented
in this book eventually culminated with the establishment of
diplomatic ties between both independent states in the 1960s, yet
the British government initially interpreted these transnational
links as a potential threat to the Empire and monitored their
development through its security services. O Malley highlights
opaque aspects of the careers of popular figures from both Irish
and Indian history including Subhas Chandra Bose, Jawaharlal Nehru,
Eamon de Valera and Maud Gonne McBride at points when their paths
crossed and also looks at how many one-time agitators went on to
become international statesmen. This book encompasses aspects of
Irish, Indian, British, Imperial and intelligence history and will
be of interest to students, teachers and general history
enthusiasts alike. -- .
Offering a fresh new perspective on the history of the end of
Empire, with the Irish and Indian independence movements as its
focus, this book details how each country's nationalist agitators
engaged with each other and exchanged ideas. Using previously
unpublished sources from the Indian Political Intelligence
collection, it chronicles the rise and fall of movements such as
the Indian-Irish Independence League and the League Against
Imperialism, whose histories have, until now, remained deeply
hidden in the archives. O'Malley also highlights opaque aspects of
the careers of popular figures from both Irish and Indian history
including Subhas Chandra Bose, Jawaharlal Nehru, Eamon de Valera
and Maud Gonne McBride at points when their paths crossed. This
book encompasses aspects of Irish, Indian, British, Imperial and
intelligence history and will be of interest to students, teachers
and general history enthusiasts alike. -- .
Irish migrants in new communities: Seeking the Fair Land? comprises
the second collection of essays by these editors exploring fresh
aspects and perspectives on the subject of the Irish diaspora. This
volume, edited by Mairtin O Cathain and Micheal O hAodha, develops
many of the oral history themes of the first book and concentrates
more on issues surrounding the adaptation of migrants to new or
host environments and cultures. These new places often have a
jarring effect, as well as a welcoming air, and the Irish bring
their own interpretations, hostilities, and suspicions, all of
which are explored in a fascinating and original number of new
perspectives.
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