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The performance history of Stiffelio as Verdi envisioned it began
only in 1993. Composed with Rigoletto, and sharing many of its
characteristics, Stiffelio suffered from the censors' strictures.
From its premiere in 1850, its text was diluted to appease the
authorities, making a mockery of the action and Verdi's carefully
calibrated music. The story of Stiffelio, a protestant minister who
eventually divorces his adulterous wife but forgives her from the
pulpit in the final scene, shocked conservative Italian religious
and political powers. The libretto was rewritten for subsequent
revivals, and even some music was dropped. In 1856 the composer
angrily withdrew Stiffelio from circulation, reusing parts of the
score for his Aroldo. The rest was later presumed lost. Not until
1992 was it revealed that Verdi's heirs possessed not only most of
the canceled score, but also sixty pages of sketches for Stiffelio.
These were used for the preliminary score of the critical edition,
premiered in 1993 at New York's Metropolitan Opera. It was the
first time Stiffelio was performed as Verdi wrote it. It has been
enthusiastically received around the world. With the publication of
the critical edition, the first in full orchestral score, Stiffelio
should take its rightful place in the Verdi canon.
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