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In a reassessment of modern conservatism, noted historian Kathryn
S. Olmsted reexamines the explosive labour disputes in the
agricultural fields of Depression-era California, the cauldron that
inspired a generation of artists and writers and triggered the
intervention of FDR's New Deal. Right Out of California tells how
this brief moment of upheaval terrified business leaders into
rethinking their relationship to American politics - a narrative
that pits a ruthless generation of growers against a passionate
cast of reformers, writers, and revolutionaries.
How six conservative media moguls hindered America and Britain from
entering World War II "A damning indictment. . . . The parallels
with today's right-wing media, on both sides of the Atlantic, are
unavoidable."-Matthew Pressman, Washington Post "A first-rate work
of history."-Ben Yagoda, Wall Street Journal As World War II
approached, the six most powerful media moguls in America and
Britain tried to pressure their countries to ignore the fascist
threat. The media empires of Robert McCormick, Joseph and Eleanor
Patterson, and William Randolph Hearst spanned the United States,
reaching tens of millions of Americans in print and over the
airwaves with their isolationist views. Meanwhile in England, Lord
Rothermere's Daily Mail extolled Hitler's leadership and Lord
Beaverbrook's Daily Express insisted that Britain had no interest
in defending Hitler's victims on the continent. Kathryn S. Olmsted
shows how these media titans worked in concert-including sharing
editorial pieces and coordinating their responses to events-to
influence public opinion in a right-wing populist direction, how
they echoed fascist and anti-Semitic propaganda, and how they
weakened and delayed both Britain's and America's response to Nazi
aggression.
Many Americans believe that their own government is guilty of
shocking crimes. Government agents shot the president. They faked
the moon landing. They stood by and allowed the murders of 2,400
servicemen in Hawaii-or 3,000 civilians in New York. In their zeal
to cover up their crimes, they killed witnesses, faked evidence,
and stole into secure offices to snatch incriminating documents
from the files. Although the paranoid style has been a feature of
the American scene since the birth of the Republic, in Real
Enemies, Kathryn Olmsted shows that it is only in the twentieth
century that strange and unlikely conspiracy theories have become
central to American politics. While Americans had worried about
bankers, Jews, and Catholics for decades, Olmsted sees World War I
as a critical turning point for conspiracy theories. As the federal
government expanded, Americans grew more fearful of the government
itself-the military, the intelligence community, and even the
President. Perhaps more important, Olmsted examines why so many
Americans believe that their government conspires against them, why
more people believe these theories over time, and how real
conspiracies by government officials-such as the infamous
Northwoods plan-have fueled our paranoia about the government. She
analyzes Pearl Harbor, Cold War and anticommunist plots, the JFK
assassination, Watergate, and 9/11. Along the way, she introduces
readers to a lively cast of characters, from the Nobel
prize-winning scientist who became a leading conspiracist to a
housewife who believed she could unlock the secrets of the JFK
assassination. Polls show that thirty-six percent of Americans
think that George W. Bush knew in advance of the 9/11 terrorist
attacks. Real Enemies, an engaging work on a timely, important
topic, sheds light on such theories, revealing how the rampant fear
of conspiracy at once invigorates and undermines American
democracy.
Many Americans believe that their own government is guilty of
shocking crimes. Government agents shot the president. They faked
the moon landing. They stood by and allowed the murders of 2,400
servicemen in Hawaii. Although paranoia has been a feature of the
American scene since the birth of the Republic, in Real Enemies
Kathryn Olmsted shows that it was only in the twentieth century
that strange and unlikely conspiracy theories became central to
American politics. In particular, she posits World War I as a
critical turning point and shows that as the federal bureaucracy
expanded, Americans grew more fearful of the government itself-the
military, the intelligence community, and even the President.
Analyzing the wide-spread suspicions surrounding such events as
Pearl Harbor, the JFK assassination, Watergate, and 9/11, Olmsted
sheds light on why so many Americans believe that their government
conspires against them, why more people believe these theories over
time, and how real conspiracies-such as the infamous Northwoods
plan-have fueled our paranoia about the governments we ourselves
elect.
Many Americans believe that their own government is guilty of
shocking crimes. Government agents shot the president. They faked
the moon landing. They stood by and allowed the murders of 2,400
servicemen in Hawaii. Although paranoia has been a feature of the
American scene since the birth of the Republic, in Real Enemies
Kathryn Olmsted shows that it was only in the twentieth century
that strange and unlikely conspiracy theories became central to
American politics. In particular, she posits World War I as a
critical turning point and shows that as the federal bureaucracy
expanded, Americans grew more fearful of the government itself-the
military, the intelligence community, and even the President.
Analyzing the wide-spread suspicions surrounding such events as
Pearl Harbor, the JFK assassination, Watergate, and 9/11, Olmsted
sheds light on why so many Americans believe that their government
conspires against them, why more people believe these theories over
time, and how real conspiracies-such as the infamous Northwoods
plan-have fueled our paranoia about the governments we ourselves
elect. This 10th Anniversary Edition includes a new epilogue on
conspiracy theories and the 2016 election and its aftermath.
When Elizabeth Bentley slunk into an FBI field office in 1945, she
was thinking only of saving herself from NKGB assassins who were
hot on her trail. She had no idea that she was about to start the
greatest Red Scare in U.S. history. Bentley (1908-1963) was a
Connecticut Yankee and Vassar graduate who spied for the Soviet
Union for seven years. She met with dozens of highly placed
American agents who worked for the Soviets, gathering their secrets
and stuffing sensitive documents into her knitting bag. But her
Soviet spymasters suspected her of disloyalty--and even began
plotting to silence her forever. To save her own life, Bentley
decided to betray her friends and comrades to the FBI. Her
defection effectively shut down Soviet espionage in the United
States for years. Despite her crucial role in the cultural and
political history of the early Cold War, Bentley has long been
overlooked or underestimated by historians. Now, new documents from
Russian and American archives make it possible to assess the
veracity of her allegations. This long overdue biography rescues
Elizabeth Bentley from obscurity and tells her dramatic life story.
Just four months after Richard Nixon's resignation, ""New York
Times"" reporter Seymour Hersh unearthed a new case of government
abuse of power: the CIA had launched a domestic spying programme of
Orwellian proportions against American dissidents during the
Vietnam War. The country's best investigative journalists and
members of Congress quickly mobilized to probe a scandal that
seemed certain to rock the foundations of this secret government.
Subsequent investigations disclosed that the CIA had plotted to
kill certain foreign leaders and that the FBI had harrassed civil
rights and student groups. Some called the scandal ""son of
Watergate"". Many observers predicted that the investigations would
lead to far-reaching changes in the intelligence agencies. Yet, as
Kathryn Olmsted shows, neither the media nor Congress pressed for
reforms. For all of its post-Watergate zeal, the press hesitated to
break its long tradition of deference in national security
coverage. Congress, too, was unwilling to challenge the executive
branch in national security matters. Reports of the demise of the
executive branch were greatly exaggerated, and the result of the
""year of intelligence"" was a return to the status quo.
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