Kuwait has among the highest levels of personal incomes in the Middle East and the best oil reserves to production ratios of all the exporting states. Its good material fortune is offset by its political precariousness engendered by Kuwaiti nationals forming a minority and a heavy dependency on immigrants to sustain the economy. Deep feelings of insecurity have led to calls in Kuwait for an end to immigration and the repatriation of foreign residents of the state. This book, first published in 1985, analyses the degree of dependency of Kuwait on an alien working population from the results of a unique survey undertaken among the crucial family-accompanied segment of the immigrant workforce. The authors suggest new approaches to the evaluation of the utility of the foreigners to the local economy that might help to stave off a mounting internal crisis.

This book, first published in 1994, analyses the entire length of Iran's international boundaries. It reviews the establishment, evolution and continuing contentions over Iranian frontier zones and boundary lines, from the creation of the Iranian nation state out of the diverse and dispersed areas of the Persian empire - a process that has given rise to many contemporary problems that spill over into dispute and conflict.

Seeking to promote a wider knowledge of traditional technologies in the Middle East and Central Asia, the contributors address three related themes: the history, originality, variety and sophistication of traditional science, technology and material culture in these regions; their influence on the history of Europe and the West; and the threat posed by modern Western technologies to the survival of traditional technologies which have continuing value according to turn-of-the -millennium standards of sustainability and appropriateness to local cultural, social and ecological conditions. There is a clear need for conservation of some artefacts that are under current threat of extinction.

Kuwait has among the highest levels of personal incomes in the Middle East and the best oil reserves to production ratios of all the exporting states. Its good material fortune is offset by its political precariousness engendered by Kuwaiti nationals forming a minority and a heavy dependency on immigrants to sustain the economy. Deep feelings of insecurity have led to calls in Kuwait for an end to immigration and the repatriation of foreign residents of the state. This book, first published in 1985, analyses the degree of dependency of Kuwait on an alien working population from the results of a unique survey undertaken among the crucial family-accompanied segment of the immigrant workforce. The authors suggest new approaches to the evaluation of the utility of the foreigners to the local economy that might help to stave off a mounting internal crisis.

This book, first published in 1994, analyses the entire length of Iran's international boundaries. It reviews the establishment, evolution and continuing contentions over Iranian frontier zones and boundary lines, from the creation of the Iranian nation state out of the diverse and dispersed areas of the Persian empire - a process that has given rise to many contemporary problems that spill over into dispute and conflict.

Seeking to promote a wider knowledge of traditional technologies in the Middle East and Central Asia, the contributors address three related themes: the history, originality, variety and sophistication of traditional science, technology and material culture in these regions; their influence on the history of Europe and the West; and the threat posed by modern Western technologies to the survival of traditional technologies which have continuing value according to turn-of-the -millennium standards of sustainability and appropriateness to local cultural, social and ecological conditions. There is a clear need for conservation of some artefacts that are under current threat of extinction.

Since 1991, more than a dozen new land-locked states have emerged to be confronted with the established geostrategic problems of access and communications. For some, establishing transit routes is a crucial question for for the exploitation of their energy resources. In many developing countries the condition of land-lockedness has often been an intrinsic factor in their poor economic performance. With the end of the Cold War and subsequent cuts in political and economic support, new alliances are being forged between African and Asian land-locked states and their neighbours.