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Saponins and Plant Defense; A.E. Osbourn, et al. Role of Toxins in
Plant Microbial Interactions; S.P. McCormick, et al. Active Oxygen
in Fungal Pathogenesis of Plants; The Role of Cercosporin in
Cercospora Diseases; M.E. Daub, et al. Tree-Fungus Interactions in
Ectomycorrhizal Symbiosis; R.T. Koide. Allelochemicals in Root
Exudates of Maize: Effects on Root Lesion Nematode Pratylenchus
Zeae; A. Friebe, et al. Chemical Signals in the Plant-Nematde
Interaction: A Complex System? G. Gheysen. Salicylic Acid-Mediated
Signal Transduction in Plant Disease Resistance; D.F. Klessig, et
al. Biosynthesis of Rhizobial Exopolysaccharides and Their Role in
the Root Nodule Symbiosis of Leguminous Plants; W.A.T. van Workum,
J.W. Kijne. Flavonoids as Regulators of Plant Development: New
Insights from Studies of Plant-Rhizobia Interactions; H.P. Spaink.
Fatty Acid-Derived Signaling Molecules in the Interaction of Plants
with Their Environment; E.W. Weiler, et al. Interactions
BetweenAgrobacterium Tumefacients and Plant Cells; P. Bundock, P.
Hooykaas. Wound and Defense Responses in Cassava as Related to
Post-Harvest Physiological Deterioration; J.R. Beeching, et al.
Index.
Throughout the tropics, vast areas of rainforest and other
biologically diverse lands are being cleared for agricultural or
related uses. Rainforests, the most dramatic example of tropical
habitat destrucLion, are estimated to be disappearing at the rate
of up to 20.4 million hectares per year world-wide (based on FAO
estimates; see World Resources 1990-1991, Oxford University Press)
more than 2% of the total area covered by tropical rainforests per
year. Destruction of these complex habitats results in the
irreversible loss of both plant and animal diversity, and
dramatically illustraLes the need to investigate these threatened
species for potentially useful constituents-especially the
identification and characterization of novel biologically-active
phytochemicals with pharmacologiical and/or pesticidal properties.
This volume is based on papers presented by invited speakers at an
international symposium entitled "Phytochemical POlential of
Tropical Plants: held in conjunction with the second joint meeting
of the Phytochemical nd Societies of Europe and North America, as
well as the 32 annual meeting of the latter society. The meeting
was held at the Deauville Hotel, Miami Beach, Florida, USA from
August 8-12,1992. One hundred and twenty-five participants from
more than 20 countries attended this meeting."
Throughout the tropics, vast areas of rainforest and other
biologically diverse lands are being cleared for agricultural or
related uses. Rainforests, the most dramatic example of tropical
habitat destrucLion, are estimated to be disappearing at the rate
of up to 20.4 million hectares per year world-wide (based on FAO
estimates; see World Resources 1990-1991, Oxford University Press)
more than 2% of the total area covered by tropical rainforests per
year. Destruction of these complex habitats results in the
irreversible loss of both plant and animal diversity, and
dramatically illustraLes the need to investigate these threatened
species for potentially useful constituents-especially the
identification and characterization of novel biologically-active
phytochemicals with pharmacologiical and/or pesticidal properties.
This volume is based on papers presented by invited speakers at an
international symposium entitled "Phytochemical POlential of
Tropical Plants: held in conjunction with the second joint meeting
of the Phytochemical nd Societies of Europe and North America, as
well as the 32 annual meeting of the latter society. The meeting
was held at the Deauville Hotel, Miami Beach, Florida, USA from
August 8-12,1992. One hundred and twenty-five participants from
more than 20 countries attended this meeting."
The papers assembled in this volume were originally presented at
the joint meeting of the Phytochemical Society of North America and
Phytochemical Society of Europe held in Noordwijkerhout, The
Netherlands, April 20-23, 1997. The meeting was organized by an
international panel of scientists from both societies. The
symposium from which the related contributions on phytochemi- cal
signaling and plant-microbe interactions were taken was entitled
"Commu- nication of Plants with the Environment." The chapters
included in this volume cover traditional areas in plant chemical
ecology, as well as address fundamental issues on the involvemerrt
ofphytochemicals in intra- and interspecific signaling,
applications of the knowledge gained from such studies, and
evolutionary origins. T.he term microbes is used here in the
broadest sense to encompass bacteria, fungi, and nematodes. An
array of plant and fungal metabolites ranging from simple
phenolics, salicylic acid, hydroxamic acids, flavonoids,
polysaccharides, fatty acid derived octadecanoids, to
trichothecenes and perylenequinones are discussed. A number of
important themes emerge: i) the multifunctional roles of many
phytochemi- cals, ii) the power of molecular techniques for
studying biosynthetic pathways and gene function, iii) the central
role of natural products in pathogenesis and disease resistance,
and iv) the identification of promising areas for future research
and development of applications. The opening chapter by Osbourn et
al. discusses the emerging role and significance of saponins as
antifungal agents, compounds already well-docu- mented as important
mediators of plant-insect interactions. McCormick et al.
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