Influenza viruses, both seasonal and pandemic, have the potential to disrupt the health and well-being of populations around the world. The global response to the COVID-19 pandemic and prior public health emergencies of international concern illustrate the importance of global preparedness and coordination among governments, academia, scientists, policy makers, nongovernmental organizations, the private sector, and the public to address the threat of pandemic influenza. These health emergencies have revealed opportunities to enhance global vaccine infrastructure, manufacturing, distribution, and administration. Globally Resilient Supply Chains for Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza Vaccines outlines key findings and recommendations to bolster vaccine distribution, manufacturing, and supply chains for future seasonal and pandemic influenza events. This report addresses the challenges of manufacturing and distributing vaccines for both seasonal and pandemic influenza, highlighting the critical components of vaccine manufacturing and distribution and offering recommendations that would address gaps in the current global vaccine infrastructure. Table of Contents Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Influenza Virus and Influenza Vaccines: A Primer 3 Critical Components for Vaccine Manufacturing 4 Vaccine Distribution and Delivery 5 Frameworks, Tools, and Innovations for Distribution Readiness 6 Barriers, Incentives, and Innovations for Sustainable Manufacturing 7 A Way Forward Appendix A: Review of Previous Recommendations for Pandemic Vaccine Manufacturing Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff Appendix C: Agendas: Open Committee Meetings