Originally written to mark the 100th anniversary of Bukharin's birth and the 50th anniversary of his murder, this work examines the core theses of Nikolai Bukharin, one of the foremost theorists in Bolshevik circles who was murdered in Moscow during the Stalin purges. His output across political and economics disciplines was revisited after his rehabilitation under Gorbachev. His work as a key theoretician in the New Economic Policy of the 1920s has a continuing relevance becoming influential in the development of Chinese market-socialism.