The Sobotta Coloring Book - for understanding and learning anatomy The Sobotta Coloring Book offers another excellent way to study anatomy, perfectly suited to all those who are looking for an alternative to learning from textbooks. Dealing with the most important subjects in anatomy, the texts and the simple drawings designed to be colored-in help to understand and revise the most important aspects of human anatomy. This turns the book into something special: the pictures show the basic anatomical details and the accompanying texts explain the most important aspects of the structures. By actively interacting with the book through coloring-in, the content becomes deeply ingrained in the memory. The Sobotta Coloring Book provides: basic anatomical details in over 100 sections, using pictures and text concise accompanying texts for each picture, highlighting important details clinical references, pointing out their practical relevance sketches of sectional planes and perspectives which help with orientation English - Latin Nomenclature

1 Introduction 1. 1 Wnts and Development The f amily of Wnt genes consists of at least 19 members in vertebrates. Wnts ha v e multiple roles during normal development and aetiology of diseases (Wodarz and Nusse 1998; Moon et al. 2002, 2004). These genes encode for glycoproteins that are released in the intercellular space, acting as intercellular mediators (Moon et al. 1997). By binding to their special receptors, the Frizzled (Fz) receptors, they are able to activate at least three different pathways: the canonical, the non-canonical and the Ca 2+ pathway (Fig. 1 ). The Wnt family has been subdivided, using functional assays, into at least two subclasses. In Xenopus , Wnt1, Wnt3a and Wnt8 are able to induce axis duplication in embryos, whereas Wnt4, Wnt5a and Wnt11 cannot (Du et al. 1995). Those Wnts that are able to induce axis duplication are thought to act canonically; those who cannot are thought to act non-canonically. In the literature, therefore, some Wnts are called canonical Wnts while others are called n- cano nical Wnts, suggesting that a special Wnt always activates the same signalling pathway. It is unlikely that the specificity dictating cellular responses resides solely in the Wnt ligands because no one has reported sequence or structural motifs in Wnts that predict their activities in these cellular and embryonic assays.