Compiled by Reginald de Bray, Todor Dimitrovski, Blagoja Korubin and Trajko Stamatoski Edited and prepared for publication by Peter Hill, Suncica Mircevska and Kevin Windle, at the Australian National University The Macedonian-English Dictionary is the essential aid to all work involving the two languages. The Dictionary is the most ambitious record to date to record English equivalents for the vocabulary of modern Macedonian. It covers the vocabulary met with in a wide variety of settings and literary forms, from modern urban life to traditional folk poetry. Features include: * 50,000 headwords * clear, accurate examples of usage * all necessary grammatical information for Macedonian headwords * details of stress, where it departs from the regular pattern * a broad range of idiomatic expressions and proverbs. The work is based on the lexical corpus of the renowned Rechnik na makendonskiot jazik. Prepared by scholars at the Australian National University in Canberra, working in collaboration with the compilers of the original Rechnik, the content has been brought up to date by the addition of many newer words and new senses which have arisen for older words.

Pythagoras (c. 570 - c. 495 BC), arguably the most influential thinker among the Presocratics, emerges in ancient tradition as a wise teacher, an outstanding mathematician, an influential politician, and as a religious and ethical reformer. He claimed to possess supernatural powers and was the kind of personality who attracted legends. In contrast to his controversial and elusive nature, the early Pythagoreans, such as the doctors Democedes and Alcmaeon, the Olympic victors Milon and Iccus, the botanist Menestor, the natural philosopher Hippon, and the mathematicians Hippasus and Theodorus, all appear in our sources as 'rational' as they can possibly be. It was this 'normality' that ensured the continued existence of Pythagoreanism as a philosophical and scientific school till c. 350 BC. This volume offers a comprehensive study of Pythagoras and the early Pythagoreans through an analysis of the many representations of the Teacher and his followers, allowing the representations to complement and critique each other. Relying predominantly on sources dating back to before 300 BC, Zhmud portrays a more historical picture of Pythagoras, of the society founded by him, and of its religion than is known from the late antique biographies. In chapters devoted to mathematical and natural sciences cultivated by the Pythagoreans and to their philosophies, a critical distinction is made between the theories of individual figures and a generalized 'all-Pythagorean teaching', which is known from Aristotle.

This unique reference is a product of the most ambitious attempt to date to record English equivalents for the vocabulary of modern Macedonian. The dictionary covers the vocabulary met with in a wide variety of settings and literary forms, from modern urban life to traditional folk poetry. Features include: * clear, accurate examples of usage * all necessary grammatical information for Macedonian headwords * details of stress, where it departs from the regular pattern * a broad range of idiomatic expressions and proverbs Prepared by scholars at the Australian National University in Canberra, working in collaboration with the compilers of the renowned "Rechnik na makendonskiot jazik," the content has been brought up to date by the addition of many newer words and new senses which have arisen for older words.

Lexicography and theoretical linguistics tend to ignore each other: lexicographers produce dictionaries, linguists grammars. As a result grammars and dictionaries are often discordant and sometimes glaringly incompatible. Juri Apresjan shows the insights linguistics has to offer lexicography, and - equally - that the achievements and challenges of lexicography provide a rewarding field for linguistic inquiry. The author presents the vocabulary of a language as a complicated system reflecting a specific view of the world. He does so within an integrated theory of language, in which grammatical and lexical meanings, and the conceptualizations underlying them, blend and interact. Each lexeme, he argues, is a point of intersection of various lexicographic types classes of lexemes with shared semantic, syntactic, pragmatic or mental properties, that are sensitive to the same rules, and which should thus be uniformly described in the dictionary. When any lexeme is viewed against the whole set of linguistic rules, new facets emerge, and these reveal, he shows, key characteristics of words that dictionaries do not currently record.

In this book Joachim Latacz turns the spotlight of modern research on the much-debated question of whether the wealthy city of Troy described by Homer in the Iliad was a poetic fiction or a memory of historical reality.
Earlier excavations at the hill of Hisarlik, in Turkey, on the Dardanelles, brought no answer, but in 1988 a new archaeological enterprise, under the direction of Manfred Korfmann, led to a radical shift in understanding. Latacz, one of Korfmann's closest collaborators, traces the course of these excavations, and the renewed investigation of the imperial Hittite archives they have inspired. As he demonstrates, it is now clear that the background against which the plot of the Iliad is acted out is the historical reality of the thirteenth century BC. The Troy story as a whole must have arisen in this period, and we can detect traces of it in Homer's great poem.

Now in its second edition, this comprehensive history of the Celts draws on archaeological, historical, literary and linguistic evidence to provide a comprehensive and colourful overview from origins to the present. Divided into three parts, the first covers the continental Celts in prehistory and antiquity, complete with accounts of the Celts in Germany, France, Italy, Iberia and Asia Minor. Part Two follows the Celts from the departure of the Romans to the late Middle Ages, including the migrations to and settlements in Ireland, Wales, Scotland and Brittany. This section also includes discussions of the Celtic kingdoms and the significance of Christianisation. Part Three brings the history of the Celts up to the present, covering the assimilation of the Celts within the national cultures of Great Britain, France and Ireland. Included in this consideration are the suppression of Gaelic, the declines, revivals and survivals of languages and literatures, and the histories of Celtic culture. The book concludes with a discussion of the recent history of the meaning of 'Celtic' and an examination of the cultural legacy of the Celts in the modern era.