Formal methods is the term used to describe the specification and verification of software and software systems using mathematical logic. Various methodologies have been developed and incorporated into software tools. An important subclass is distributed systems. There are many books that look at particular methodologies for such systems, e.g. CSP, process algebra. This book offers a more balanced introduction for graduate students that describes the various approaches, their strengths and weaknesses, and when they are best used. Milner??'s CCS and its operational semantics are introduced, together with notions of behavioural equivalence based on bisimulation techniques and with variants of Hennessy-Milner modal logics. Later in the book, the presented theories are extended to take timing issues into account. The book has arisen from various courses taught in Iceland and Denmark and is designed to give students a broad introduction to the area, with exercises throughout.

This open access two-volume set constitutes the proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2021, which was held during March 27 - April 1, 2021, as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2021. The conference was planned to take place in Luxembourg and changed to an online format due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The total of 41 full papers presented in the proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 141 submissions. The volume also contains 7 tool papers; 6 Tool Demo papers, 9 SV-Comp Competition Papers. The papers are organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Game Theory; SMT Verification; Probabilities; Timed Systems; Neural Networks; Analysis of Network Communication. Part II: Verification Techniques (not SMT); Case Studies; Proof Generation/Validation; Tool Papers; Tool Demo Papers; SV-Comp Tool Competition Papers.

This open access two-volume set constitutes the proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2021, which was held during March 27 - April 1, 2021, as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2021. The conference was planned to take place in Luxembourg and changed to an online format due to the COVID-19 pandemic.The total of 41 full papers presented in the proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 141 submissions. The volume also contains 7 tool papers; 6 Tool Demo papers, 9 SV-Comp Competition Papers. The papers are organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Game Theory; SMT Verification; Probabilities; Timed Systems; Neural Networks; Analysis of Network Communication. Part II: Verification Techniques (not SMT); Case Studies; Proof Generation/Validation; Tool Papers; Tool Demo Papers; SV-Comp Tool Competition Papers.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Formal Methods for Industrial Critical Systems, FMICS 2019, held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in August 2019. The 9 regular papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 15 submissions. The conference also featured invited talks by Jaco van de Pol (Aarhus University, and Twente University), jointly with CONCUR, and Holger Hermanns (Universitat des Saarlandes) and a special session on (commercial) formal methods in industry. The aim of the FMICS conference series is to provide a forum for researchers who are interested in the development and application of formal methods in industry. In particular, FMICS brings together scientists and engineers who are active in the area of formal methods and interested in exchanging their experiences in the industrial usage of these methods. The FMICS conference series also strives to promote research and development for the improvement of formal methods and tools for industrial applications.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Dependable Software Engineering: Theories, Tools, and Applications, SETTA 2017, held in Changsha, China, in October2017.The 19 full papers presented together with 3 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 31 submissions. The aim of the symposium is to bring together international researchers and practitioners in the field of software technology. Its focus is on probabilistic and statistical analysis; timed and hybrid systems; program analysis; modeling and verification; formalization; and tools.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Reachability Problems, RP 2016, held in Aalborg, Denmark, in September 2016. The 11 full papers presented together with2 invited papers and 3 abstracts of invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 18 submissions. The papers cover a range of topics in the field of reachability for infinite state systems; rewriting systems; reachability analysis in counter/timed/cellular/communicating automata; Petri nets; computational aspects of semigroups, groups, and rings; reachability in dynamical and hybrid systems; frontiers between decidable and undecidable reachability problems; complexity and decidability aspects; predictability in iterative maps and new computational paradigms.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation, VMCAI 2015, held in Mumbai, India, in January 2015. The 24 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 53 submissions. The papers cover a wide range of topics including program verification, model checking, abstract interpretation, abstract domains, program synthesis, static analysis, deductive methods, program certification, error diagnosis, program transformation, and hybrid and cyberphysical systems.

Our growing dependence on increasingly complex computer and software systems necessitates the development of formalisms, techniques, and tools for assessing functional properties of these systems. One such technique that has emerged in the last twenty years is model checking, which systematically (and automatically) checks whether a model of a given system satisfies a desired property such as deadlock freedom, invariants, and request-response properties. This automated technique for verification and debugging has developed into a mature and widely used approach with many applications. Principles of Model Checking offers a comprehensive introduction to model checking that is not only a text suitable for classroom use but also a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners in the field. The book begins with the basic principles for modeling concurrent and communicating systems, introduces different classes of properties (including safety and liveness), presents the notion of fairness, and provides automata-based algorithms for these properties. It introduces the temporal logics LTL and CTL, compares them, and covers algorithms for verifying these logics, discussing real-time systems as well as systems subject to random phenomena. Separate chapters treat such efficiency-improving techniques as abstraction and symbolic manipulation. The book includes an extensive set of examples (most of which run through several chapters) and a complete set of basic results accompanied by detailed proofs. Each chapter concludes with a summary, bibliographic notes, and an extensive list of exercises of both practical and theoretical nature.Christel Baier is Professor and Chair for Algebraic and Logical Foundations of Computer Science in the Faculty of Computer Science at the Technical University of Dresden. Joost-Pieter Katoen is Professor at the RWTH Aachen University and leads the Software Modeling and Verification Group within the Department of Computer Science. He is affiliated with the Formal Methods and Tools Group at the University of Twente.