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This cohesive set of case studies collects scholarly research,
policy evaluation, and field experience to explain how terrorist
groups have developed into criminal enterprises. Terrorist groups
have evolved from orthodox global insurgents funded by rogue
sponsors into nimble and profitable transnational criminal
enterprises whose motivations are not always evident. This volume
seeks to explain how and why terrorist groups are often now
criminal enterprises through 12 case studies of terrorist criminal
enterprises written by authors who have derived their expertise on
terrorism and/or organized crime from diverse sources. Terrorist
groups have been chosen from different regions to provide the
global coverage. Chapters describe and analyze the actors, actions,
problems, and collaborations of specific terrorist criminal
enterprises. Other elements discussed include links to such
facilitating conditions as political culture, corruption, history,
economy, and issues of governance. This work advances scholarship
in the field of counterterrorism by expanding the understanding of
these terrorist groups as entities not driven purely by ideology
but rather by the criminal enterprises with which they often
coincide. Provides a global comparison of major terrorist groups
and their engagement in organized crime Provides in-depth analysis
of regional terrorist and criminal groups Incorporates authors'
expertise on regional terrorist groups and organized crime
Acknowledges a variety of opinions and perspectives
This book contributes to the literature on organized crime by
providing a detailed account of the various nuances of what happens
when criminal organizations misuse or penetrate legitimate
businesses. It advances the existing scholarship on attacks,
infiltration, and capture of legal businesses by organized crime
and sheds light on the important role the private sector can play
to fight back. It considers a range of industries from bars and
restaurants to labour-intensive enterprises such as construction
and waste management, to sectors susceptible to illicit activities
including transportation, wholesale and retail trade, and
businesses controlled by fragmented legislation such as gambling.
Organized criminal groups capitalize on legitimate businesses
beleaguered by economic downturns, government regulations, natural
disasters, societal conflict, and the COVID-19 pandemic. To
survive, some private companies have even become the willing
partners of criminal organizations. Thus, the relationships between
licit businesses and organized crime are highly varied and can
range from victimization of businesses to willing collusion and
even exploitation of organized crime by the private sector - albeit
with arrangements that typically allow plausible deniability. In
other words, these relationships are highly diverse and create a
complex reality which is the focus of the articles presented here.
This book will appeal to students, academics, and policy
practitioners with an interest in organized crime. It will also
provide important supplementary reading for undergraduate and
graduate courses on topics such as transnational security issues,
transnational organized crime, international criminal justice,
criminal finance, non-state actors, international affairs,
comparative politics, and economics and business courses.
This collection of essays demonstrates how the security of
Americans is potentially threatened by individuals and governments
who are engaged in the illicit trade in arms, drugs, and human
beings in distant parts of the globe. More than just a threat to
Americans, the essays underscore that these activities are often
detrimental to the United States interests around the world due to
the destabilizing impact that each activity can have on a nation or
region. More revealing is how terrorists benefit from this illegal
trade, generating critical sources of funding used for everything
from recruiting to procurement of weapons and explosives of all
types to extend and expand the scope of their struggle. The scope
of this work is truly global. Fourteen essays touch on prevailing
problems from the Balkans to Southeast Asia and the Pacific; from
Africa to the Caribbean, and more. In each essay, the authors
explore a problem that not only has direct regional repercussions,
but larger international ones as well. The essays present problems
that result from these illegal activities as a global epidemic, not
simply regionalized problems.
This book was sparked by the terrorist attacks on September 11,
2001. It investigates the thought of home grown terrorists. It
answers questions such as who are the homegrown terrorists and why
people carry out terrorist actions.
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