In November 1993 voters in Cincinnati, Ohio passed Issue 3, an amendment to the City Charter eliminating gay, lesbian, and bisexual persons' legal protection against discrimination and prohibiting their recognition as a group or class. This Christian right initiative emerged largely in response to the inclusion of "sexual orientation" in the city's newly enacted Human Rights Ordinance just one year earlier. Using qualitative data, Kimberly Dugan captures the dynamics and interdependence of the gay, lesbian, and bisexual movement and the Christian right as they engaged in conflict over Issue 3 by focusing on cultural factors relevant to movement mobilization, strategies, and success.

In November 1993 voters in Cincinnati, Ohio passed Issue 3, an amendment to the City Charter eliminating gay, lesbian and bisexual person's legal protection against discrimination and prohibiting their recognition as a group or class. This Christian right initiative emerged largely in response to the inclusion of 'sexual orientation' in the City's newly enacted Human Rights Ordinance just one year earlier. The gay, lesbian and bisexual movement mobilized in efforts to thwart the Issue 3 initiative. Most research on social movements has focused on solitary movements engaged with the state and on opportunities for mobilization strictly in terms of the political. Using qualitative data, this study captures the dynamics and interdependence of the gay, lesbian and bisexual movement and the Christian right as they engaged in conflict over this antigay issue by focusing on cultural factors relevant to movement mobilization, strategies, and success.