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3D and 4D Printing of Polymer Nanocomposite Materials: Processing,
Applications, and Challenges covers advanced 3D and 4D printing
processes and the latest developments in novel polymer-based
printing materials, thus enabling the reader to understand and
benefit from the advantages of this groundbreaking technology. The
book presents processes, materials selection, and printability
issues, along with sections on the preparation of polymer composite
materials for 3D and 4D printing. Across the book, advanced
printing techniques are covered and discussed thoroughly, including
fused deposition modeling (FDM), selective laser sintering (SLS),
selective laser melting (SLM), electron beam melting (EBM), inkjet
3D printing (3DP), stereolithography (SLA), and 3D plotting.
Finally, major applications areas are discussed, including
electronic, aerospace, construction and biomedical applications,
with detailed information on the design, fabrication and processing
methods required in each case.
This book covers the medical condition of diabetic patients, their
early symptoms and methods conventionally used for diagnosing and
monitoring diabetes. It describes various techniques and
technologies used for diabetes detection. The content is built upon
moving from regressive technology (invasive) and adapting new-age
pain-free technologies (non-invasive), machine learning and
artificial intelligence for diabetes monitoring and management.
This book details all the popular technologies used in the health
care and medical fields for diabetic patients. An entire chapter is
dedicated to how the future of this field will be shaping up and
the challenges remaining to be conquered. Finally, it shows
artificial intelligence and predictions, which can be beneficial
for the early detection, dose monitoring and surveillance for
patients suffering from diabetes
This book presents a thorough discussion of the physics, biology,
chemistry and medicinal science behind a new and important area of
materials science and engineering: polymer nanocomposites. The
tremendous opportunities of polymer nanocomposites in the
biomedical field arise from their multitude of applications and
their ability to satisfy the vastly different functional
requirements for each of these applications. In the biomedical
field, a polymer nanocomposite system must meet certain design and
functional criteria, including biocompatibility, biodegradability,
mechanical properties, and, in some cases, aesthetic demands. The
content of this book builds on what has been learnt in elementary
courses about synthesising polymers, different nanoparticles,
polymer composites, biomedical requirements, uses of polymer
nanocomposites in medicine as well as medical devices and the major
mechanisms involved during each application. The impact of hybrid
nanofillers and synergistic composite mixtures which are used
extensively or show promising outcomes in the biomedical field are
also discussed. These novel materials vary from
inorganic/ceramic-reinforced nanocomposites for mechanical property
improvement to peptide-based nanomaterials, with the chemistry
designed to render the entire material biocompatible.
This book covers smart polymer nanocomposites with perspectives for
application in energy harvesting, as self-healing materials, or
shape memory materials. The book is application-oriented and
describes different types of polymer nanocomposites, such as
elastomeric composites, thermoplastic composites, or conductive
polymer composites. It outlines their potential for applications,
which would meet some of the most important challenges nowadays:
for harvesting energy, as materials with the capacity to self-heal,
or as materials memorizing a given shape.The book brings together
these different applications for the first time in one single
platform. Chapters are ordered both by the type of composites and
by the target applications. Readers will thus find a good overview,
facilitating a comparison of the different smart materials and
their applications. The book will appeal to scientists in the
fields of chemistry, material science and engineering, but also to
technologists and physicists, from graduate student level to
researcher and professional.
This book covers smart polymer nanocomposites with perspectives for
application in energy harvesting, as self-healing materials, or
shape memory materials. The book is application-oriented and
describes different types of polymer nanocomposites, such as
elastomeric composites, thermoplastic composites, or conductive
polymer composites. It outlines their potential for applications,
which would meet some of the most important challenges nowadays:
for harvesting energy, as materials with the capacity to self-heal,
or as materials memorizing a given shape.The book brings together
these different applications for the first time in one single
platform. Chapters are ordered both by the type of composites and
by the target applications. Readers will thus find a good overview,
facilitating a comparison of the different smart materials and
their applications. The book will appeal to scientists in the
fields of chemistry, material science and engineering, but also to
technologists and physicists, from graduate student level to
researcher and professional.
This book covers graphene reinforced polymers, which
are useful in electronic applications, including electrically
conductive thermoplastics composites, thermosets and elastomers. It
systematically introduces the reader to fundamental
aspects and leads over to actual applications, such as
sensor fabrication, electromagnetic interference shielding,
optoelectronics, superconductivity, or memory chips. The book also
describes dielectric and thermal behaviour of graphene polymer
composites - properties which are essential to consider for the
fabrication and production of these new electronic materials. The
contributions in this book critically discuss the actual
questions in the development and applications of graphene
polymer composites. It will thus appeal to chemists, physicists,
materials scientists as well as nano technologists, who are
interested in the properties of graphene polymer composites.
This book is the first comprehensive collection of electronic
aspects of different kinds of elastomer composites, including
combinations of synthetic, natural and thermoplastic elastomers
with different conducting fillers like metal nanoparticles, carbon
nanotubes, or graphenes, and many more. It covers elastomer
composites, which are useful in electronic applications, including
chemical and physical as well as material science aspects. The
presented elastomer composites have great potential for solving
emerging new material application requirements, for example as
flexible and wearable electronics. The book is structured and
organized by the rubber/elastomer type: each chapter describes a
different elastomer matrix and its composites. While introducing to
important fundamentals, it is application-oriented, discussing the
current issues and challenges in the field of elastomer composites.
This book will thus appeal to researchers and scientists, to
engineers and technologists, but also to graduate students, working
on elastomer composites, or on electronics engineering with the
composites, providing the readers with a sound introduction to the
field and solutions to both fundamental and applied problems.
This book is the first comprehensive collection of electronic
aspects of different kinds of elastomer composites, including
combinations of synthetic, natural and thermoplastic elastomers
with different conducting fillers like metal nanoparticles, carbon
nanotubes, or graphenes, and many more. It covers elastomer
composites, which are useful in electronic applications, including
chemical and physical as well as material science aspects. The
presented elastomer composites have great potential for solving
emerging new material application requirements, for example as
flexible and wearable electronics. The book is structured and
organized by the rubber/elastomer type: each chapter describes a
different elastomer matrix and its composites. While introducing to
important fundamentals, it is application-oriented, discussing the
current issues and challenges in the field of elastomer composites.
This book will thus appeal to researchers and scientists, to
engineers and technologists, but also to graduate students, working
on elastomer composites, or on electronics engineering with the
composites, providing the readers with a sound introduction to the
field and solutions to both fundamental and applied problems.
This book covers graphene reinforced polymers, which are useful in
electronic applications, including electrically conductive
thermoplastics composites, thermosets and elastomers. It
systematically introduces the reader to fundamental aspects and
leads over to actual applications, such as sensor fabrication,
electromagnetic interference shielding, optoelectronics,
superconductivity, or memory chips. The book also describes
dielectric and thermal behaviour of graphene polymer composites -
properties which are essential to consider for the fabrication and
production of these new electronic materials. The contributions in
this book critically discuss the actual questions in the
development and applications of graphene polymer composites. It
will thus appeal to chemists, physicists, materials scientists as
well as nano technologists, who are interested in the properties of
graphene polymer composites.
Shape Memory Composites Based on Polymers and Metals for 4D
Printing is a thorough discussion of the physics and chemistry
behind this developing area of materials science. It provides
readers with a clear exposition of shape-memory-composite (SMC)
preparation techniques for 3D and 4D printing processes and
explains how intelligent manufacturing technology may be applied in
fields such as robotics, construction, medical science, and smart
sensors. The book covers fundamental background knowledge on the
synthesis of shape memory polymers (SMPs) and shape memory alloys
(SMAs), and additive manufacturing techniques. Polymers and metals
and their roles in 4D printing are dealt with separately, and
applications of 4D printing are treated in their own chapter. The
different alloy compositions and nanoparticle fillers in polymer
composites are examined in detail, along with the key mechanisms
involved in their processing. Hybrid nanofillers and synergistic
composite mixtures, which are either in extensive current use or
have shown promising outcomes in the field of 4D printing, are
thoroughly discussed. Differences between these novel SMCs and
traditional metal alloys, organic and inorganic composites are
presented, and means by which they can improve mechanical
properties that are triggered by external sources like magnetic
field, temperature, and pH of solvent, are set out. This book
provides practitioners, industrial researchers, and scholars with a
state-of-the-art overview of SMP/SMA synthesis, additive
manufacturing, modification in synthesis of SMCs for 4D printing,
and their likely future applications.
Shape Memory Composites Based on Polymers and Metals for 4D
Printing is a thorough discussion of the physics and chemistry
behind this developing area of materials science. It provides
readers with a clear exposition of shape-memory-composite (SMC)
preparation techniques for 3D and 4D printing processes and
explains how intelligent manufacturing technology may be applied in
fields such as robotics, construction, medical science, and smart
sensors. The book covers fundamental background knowledge on the
synthesis of shape memory polymers (SMPs) and shape memory alloys
(SMAs), and additive manufacturing techniques. Polymers and metals
and their roles in 4D printing are dealt with separately, and
applications of 4D printing are treated in their own chapter. The
different alloy compositions and nanoparticle fillers in polymer
composites are examined in detail, along with the key mechanisms
involved in their processing. Hybrid nanofillers and synergistic
composite mixtures, which are either in extensive current use or
have shown promising outcomes in the field of 4D printing, are
thoroughly discussed. Differences between these novel SMCs and
traditional metal alloys, organic and inorganic composites are
presented, and means by which they can improve mechanical
properties that are triggered by external sources like magnetic
field, temperature, and pH of solvent, are set out. Â This
book provides practitioners, industrial researchers, and scholars
with a state-of-the-art overview of SMP/SMA synthesis, additive
manufacturing, modification in synthesis of SMCs for 4D printing,
and their likely future applications.
This book covers advanced 3D printing processes and the latest
developments in novel composite-based printing materials, thus
enabling the reader to understand and benefit from the advantages
of this groundbreaking technology. The rise in ecological anxieties
has forced scientists and researchers from all over the world to
find novel lightweight materials. Therefore, it is necessary to
expand knowledge about the processing, applications, and challenges
of 3D printing of composite materials to expanding the range of
their application. This book presents an extensive survey on recent
improvements in the research and development of additive
manufacturing technologies that are used to make composite
structures for various applications such as electronic, aerospace,
construction, and biomedical applications. Advanced printing
techniques including fused deposition modeling (FDM), selective
laser sintering (SLS), selective laser melting (SLM), electron beam
melting (EBM), inkjet 3D printing (3DP), stereolithography (SLA),
and 3D plotting will be covered and discussed thoroughly in this
book. This book also focuses the recent advances and challenges in
polymer nanocomposite and introduces potential applications of
these materials in various sectors.
This book covers the medical condition of diabetic patients, their
early symptoms and methods conventionally used for diagnosing and
monitoring diabetes. It describes various techniques and
technologies used for diabetes detection. The content is built upon
moving from regressive technology (invasive) and adapting new-age
pain-free technologies (non-invasive), machine learning and
artificial intelligence for diabetes monitoring and management.
This book details all the popular technologies used in the health
care and medical fields for diabetic patients. An entire chapter is
dedicated to how the future of this field will be shaping up and
the challenges remaining to be conquered. Finally, it shows
artificial intelligence and predictions, which can be beneficial
for the early detection, dose monitoring and surveillance for
patients suffering from diabetes
This book covers advanced 3D printing processes and the latest
developments in novel composite-based printing materials, thus
enabling the reader to understand and benefit from the advantages
of this groundbreaking technology. The rise in ecological anxieties
has forced scientists and researchers from all over the world to
find novel lightweight materials. Therefore, it is necessary to
expand knowledge about the processing, applications, and challenges
of 3D printing of composite materials to expanding the range of
their application. This book presents an extensive survey on recent
improvements in the research and development of additive
manufacturing technologies that are used to make composite
structures for various applications such as electronic, aerospace,
construction, and biomedical applications. Advanced printing
techniques including fused deposition modeling (FDM), selective
laser sintering (SLS), selective laser melting (SLM), electron beam
melting (EBM), inkjet 3D printing (3DP), stereolithography (SLA),
and 3D plotting will be covered and discussed thoroughly in this
book. This book also focuses the recent advances and challenges in
polymer nanocomposite and introduces potential applications of
these materials in various sectors.
MXenes and their Composites: Synthesis, Properties and Potential
Applications presents a state of the art overview of the recent
developments on the synthesis, functionalization, properties and
emerging applications of two-dimensional (2D) MXenes and their
composites. The book systematically describes the state-of-the-art
knowledge and fundamentals of MXene synthesis, structure, surface
chemistry and functionalization. The book also discusses the unique
electronic, optical, mechanical and topological properties of
MXenes. Besides, this book covers the various emerging applications
of MXenes and their composites across different fields such as
energy storage and conversion, gas sensing and biosensing,
rechargeable lithium and sodium-ion batteries, lithium-sulphur and
multivalent batteries, electromagnetic interference shielding,
hybrid capacitors and supercapacitors, hydrogen storage, catalysis
and photoelectrocatalysis, gas separation and water desalination,
environmental remediation and medical and biomedical applications.
All these applications have been efficiently discussed in the
specific chapters and in each case, the processing of MXene
composites has also been discussed. This book will be an excellent
reference for scientists and engineers across various disciplines
and industries working in the field of highly promising 2D MXenes
and their composites. The book will also act as a guide for
academic researchers, material scientists, and advanced students in
investigating the new applications of 2D MXenes based materials.
Since the discovery of graphene, two-dimensional nanomaterials
including Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), Hexagonal Boron
Nitride (hBN), non-layered compounds, black phosphorous, and Xenes
with large lateral dimensions, have emerged as promising candidates
for heterogenous electrocatalysis owing to their exceptional
physical, chemical, and electronic properties. The tremendous
opportunities of using 2D nanomaterials in electrochemical CO2
reduction arises from their unique properties and vast number of
applications. Covering the fundamentals, properties, and
applications, all aspects of 2D nanomaterial composites within
carbon dioxide conversion are discussed. The industrial scale-up
and new challenges that exist in the field of electrochemical
reduction of carbon dioxide will also be presented. With chapters
written by internationally recognized researchers, this
state-of-the-art overview will serve the growing interest amongst
academic and industrial researchers in understanding 2D
nanomaterials composites, their hidden interfaces and nanoscale
dispersion of the metal oxide with nanocomposites for specific uses
in carbon dioxide conversion to chemicals for fuel applications.
This book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers
in materials science, energy, and environmental science, as well as
those in industry.
Biopolymer Composites in Electronics examines the current
state-of-the-art in the electronic application based on biopolymer
composites. Covering the synthesis, dispersion of fillers,
characterization and fabrication of the composite materials, the
book will help materials scientists and engineers address the
challenges posed by the increased use of biopolymeric materials in
electronic applications. The influence of preparation techniques on
the generation of micro, meso, and nanoscale fillers, and the
effect of filler size and dispersion on various biopolymers are
discussed in detail. Applications covered include sensors,
actuators, optics, fuel cells, photovoltaics, dielectrics,
electromagnetic shielding, piezoelectrics, flexible displays, and
microwave absorbers. In addition, characterization techniques are
discussed and compared, enabling scientists and engineers to make
the correct choice of technique. This book is a 'one-stop'
reference for researchers, covering the entire state-of-the-art in
biopolymer electronics. Written by a collection of expert worldwide
contributors from industry, academia, government, and private
research institutions, it is an outstanding reference for
researchers in the field of biopolymer composites for advanced
technologies.
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