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This book presents a multidisciplinary perspective on chance, with
contributions from distinguished researchers in the areas of
biology, cognitive neuroscience, economics, genetics, general
history, law, linguistics, logic, mathematical physics, statistics,
theology and philosophy. The individual chapters are bound together
by a general introduction followed by an opening chapter that
surveys 2500 years of linguistic, philosophical, and scientific
reflections on chance, coincidence, fortune, randomness, luck and
related concepts. A main conclusion that can be drawn is that, even
after all this time, we still cannot be sure whether chance is a
truly fundamental and irreducible phenomenon, in that certain
events are simply uncaused and could have been otherwise, or
whether it is always simply a reflection of our ignorance. Other
challenges that emerge from this book include a better
understanding of the contextuality and perspectival character of
chance (including its scale-dependence), and the curious fact that,
throughout history (including contemporary science), chance has
been used both as an explanation and as a hallmark of the absence
of explanation. As such, this book challenges the reader to think
about chance in a new way and to come to grips with this endlessly
fascinating phenomenon.
This book studies the foundations of quantum theory through its
relationship to classical physics. This idea goes back to the
Copenhagen Interpretation (in the original version due to Bohr and
Heisenberg), which the author relates to the mathematical formalism
of operator algebras originally created by von Neumann. The book
therefore includes comprehensive appendices on functional analysis
and C*-algebras, as well as a briefer one on logic, category
theory, and topos theory. Matters of foundational as well as
mathematical interest that are covered in detail include symmetry
(and its "spontaneous" breaking), the measurement problem, the
Kochen-Specker, Free Will, and Bell Theorems, the Kadison-Singer
conjecture, quantization, indistinguishable particles, the quantum
theory of large systems, and quantum logic, the latter in
connection with the topos approach to quantum theory. This book is
Open Access under a CC BY licence.
This book studies the foundations of quantum theory through its
relationship to classical physics. This idea goes back to the
Copenhagen Interpretation (in the original version due to Bohr and
Heisenberg), which the author relates to the mathematical formalism
of operator algebras originally created by von Neumann. The book
therefore includes comprehensive appendices on functional analysis
and C*-algebras, as well as a briefer one on logic, category
theory, and topos theory. Matters of foundational as well as
mathematical interest that are covered in detail include symmetry
(and its "spontaneous" breaking), the measurement problem, the
Kochen-Specker, Free Will, and Bell Theorems, the Kadison-Singer
conjecture, quantization, indistinguishable particles, the quantum
theory of large systems, and quantum logic, the latter in
connection with the topos approach to quantum theory. This book is
Open Access under a CC BY licence.
This book presents a multidisciplinary perspective on chance, with
contributions from distinguished researchers in the areas of
biology, cognitive neuroscience, economics, genetics, general
history, law, linguistics, logic, mathematical physics, statistics,
theology and philosophy. The individual chapters are bound together
by a general introduction followed by an opening chapter that
surveys 2500 years of linguistic, philosophical, and scientific
reflections on chance, coincidence, fortune, randomness, luck and
related concepts. A main conclusion that can be drawn is that, even
after all this time, we still cannot be sure whether chance is a
truly fundamental and irreducible phenomenon, in that certain
events are simply uncaused and could have been otherwise, or
whether it is always simply a reflection of our ignorance. Other
challenges that emerge from this book include a better
understanding of the contextuality and perspectival character of
chance (including its scale-dependence), and the curious fact that,
throughout history (including contemporary science), chance has
been used both as an explanation and as a hallmark of the absence
of explanation. As such, this book challenges the reader to think
about chance in a new way and to come to grips with this endlessly
fascinating phenomenon.
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