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Model building in the social sciences can increasingly rely on well
elaborated formal theories. At the same time inexpensive large
computational capacities are now available. Both make
computer-based model building and simulation possible in social
science, whose central aim is in particular an understanding of
social dynamics. Such social dynamics refer to public opinion
formation, partner choice, strategy decisions in social dilemma
situations and much more. In the context of such modelling
approaches, novel problems in philosophy of science arise which
must be analysed - the main aim of this book. Interest in social
simulation has recently been growing rapidly world- wide, mainly as
a result of the increasing availability of powerful personal
computers. The field has also been greatly influenced by
developments in cellular automata theory (from mathematics) and in
distributed artificial intelligence which provided tools readily
applicable to social simulation. This book presents a number of
modelling and simulation approaches and their relations to problems
in philosophy of science. It addresses sociologists and other
social scientists interested in formal modelling, mathematical
sociology, and computer simulation as well as computer scientists
interested in social science applications, and philosophers of
social science.
This book gives an overview of the state of the art in five
different approaches to social science simulation on the individual
level. The volume contains microanalytical simulation models
designed for policy implementation and evaluation, multilevel
simulation methods designed for detecting emergent phenomena,
dynamical game theory applications, the use of cellular automata to
explain the emergence of structure in social systems, and
multi-agent models using the experience from distributed artificial
intelligence applied to special phenomena. The book collects the
results of an international conference which brought together
social scientists and computer scientists both engaged in a wide
range of simulation approaches for the first time.
The use of computer simulations to study social phenomena has grown
rapidly during the last few years. Many social scientists from the
fields of economics, sociology, psychology and other disciplines
now use computer simulations to study a wide range of social
phenomena. The availability of powerful personal computers, the
development of multidisciplinary approaches and the use of
artificial intelligence models have all contributed to this
development. The benefits of using computer simulations in the
social sciences are obvious. This holds true for the use of
simulations as tools for theory building and for its implementation
as a tool for sensitivity analysis and parameter optimization in
application-oriented models. In both, simulation provides powerful
tools for the study of complex social systems, especially for
dynamic and multi-agent social systems in which mathematical
tractability is often impossible. The graphical display of
simulation output renders it user friendly to many social
scientists that lack sufficient familiarity with the language of
mathematics. The present volume aims to contribute in four
directions: (1) To examine theoretical and methodological issues
related to the application of simulations in the social sciences.
By this we wish to promote the objective of designing a unified,
user-friendly, simulation toolkit which could be applied to diverse
social problems. While no claim is made that this objective has
been met, the theoretical issues treated in Part 1 of this volume
are a contribution towards this objective.
This book gives an overview of the state of the art in five
different approaches to social science simulation on the individual
level. The volume contains microanalytical simulation models
designed for policy implementation and evaluation, multilevel
simulation methods designed for detecting emergent phenomena,
dynamical game theory applications, the use of cellular automata to
explain the emergence of structure in social systems, and
multi-agent models using the experience from distributed artificial
intelligence applied to special phenomena. The book collects the
results of an international conference which brought together
social scientists and computer scientists both engaged in a wide
range of simulation approaches for the first time.
Model building in the social sciences can increasingly rely on well
elaborated formal theories. At the same time inexpensive large
computational capacities are now available. Both make
computer-based model building and simulation possible in social
science, whose central aim is in particular an understanding of
social dynamics. Such social dynamics refer to public opinion
formation, partner choice, strategy decisions in social dilemma
situations and much more. In the context of such modelling
approaches, novel problems in philosophy of science arise which
must be analysed - the main aim of this book. Interest in social
simulation has recently been growing rapidly world- wide, mainly as
a result of the increasing availability of powerful personal
computers. The field has also been greatly influenced by
developments in cellular automata theory (from mathematics) and in
distributed artificial intelligence which provided tools readily
applicable to social simulation. This book presents a number of
modelling and simulation approaches and their relations to problems
in philosophy of science. It addresses sociologists and other
social scientists interested in formal modelling, mathematical
sociology, and computer simulation as well as computer scientists
interested in social science applications, and philosophers of
social science.
The articles collected in this volume have two features in common:
they wantto integrate economics, demography and geography, and they
want to overcome the stationary approach in modelling in favour of
a dynamic one. The book is subdivided into three parts, where Part
I is focussing on economic evolution, Part II on geographical
development and Part III is related to demographic change. The
present volume aims at providing a new look at this triangle in
view of the classical background of discussions by introducing new
research ideas focussing in nonlinear dynamics and stochastic
modelling. Thus the main purpose of this book is to make a
contribution to the interdisciplinary work needed to integrate the
effortsbetween these three research fields and to serve as a
research source in demonstrating the current state of art in
dynamic modelling. The book isaddressed to social scientists in
general, and those in particular with a background in economics,
geographics and demographics. It should also be of interest to
mathematicians, physicists, and systems analysts interested in
model building and applications of nonlinear dynamics.
Zum funften Male wird die Fachtagung "Informatik und Schule" vom
Fachbereich 7 "Ausbildung und Schule" der Gesellschart fur
Informatik durchgefuhrt, dieses Mai in Kooperation mit dem
Fachbereich Informatik der Universitat Koblenz-Landau. Die fruheren
Tagungen trugen die Leit- themen "Informatik als Herausforderung an
Schule und Ausbildung" (Berlin 1984), "Informatik- Grundbildung in
Schule und Beruf" (Kaiserslautern 1986), "Zukunftsperspektiven der
Informatik in Schule und Beruf" (Munchen 1989) und "Informatik:
Wege zur Vielfalt beim Lehren und Ler- nen" (Oldenburg 1991). Diese
5. Fachtagung steht unter dem Thema "Informatik als Schlussel zur
Qualifikation". Zentrales Thema dieser Fachtagung ist eine
ausfuhrliche Darstellung der reichhaltigen Ein- satzmoeglichkeiten
von Computern zum Lehren und Lernen. Dies betrifft die diversen
Ausbil- dungsbereiche genauso wie das notwendige lebensbegleitende
Lernen zur Erlangung von Schlussel- qualifikationen. Wesentlich
sind sowohl theoretisch entwickelte Methoden, die gezielt auf
Infor- matikmittel zuruckgreifen, als auch praktisch realisierte
Unterrichtsformen, die auf geeigneten Computeranwendungen und deren
Integration basieren. Die Art der Einbeziehung des Computers in den
UnteITicht, die Motivation dazu, die Gestal- tung und Entwicklung
der Applikation, die wissenschaftlichen und theoretischen
Grundlagen und die validierten Erfahrungen sind als Gesamtheit von
besonderem Interesse. Schwerpunkte sollten vor allen Dingen auf
informatischen, didaktischen und padagogischen Aspekten sowie auf
deren gegenseitiger Beeinflussung liegen.
Das Buch - hervorgegangen aus einer uber mehrere Jahre hinweg immer
wieder gehaltenen Vorlesung - gibt anhand von Beispielen eine
Einfuhrung in die wichtigsten Verfahren der mathematischen und
computergestutzten Modell- und Theoriebildung in den
Sozialwissenschaften. Behandelt werden deterministische und
stochastische Modelle von Prozessen der individuellen
Meinungsbildung und der Veranderung von Einstellungen in grosseren
Kollektiven."
This text compiles research from a vibrant social simulation
community of researchers who have developed unique and innovative
approaches to social simulation.
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