Among the many myths about the relationship of Nazism to the mass of the German population, few proved more powerful in postwar West Germany than the notion that the Wehrmacht had not been involved in the crimes of the Third Reich. Former generals were particularly effective in spreading, through memoirs and speeches, the legend that millions of German soldiers had fought an honest and "clean" war and that mass murder, especially in the East, was entirely the work of Himmler's SS. This volume contains the most important contributions by distinguished historians who have thoroughly demolished this Wehrmacht myth. The picture that emerges from this collection is a depressing one and raises many questions about why "ordinary men" got involved as perpetrators and bystanders in an unprecedented program of extermination of "racially inferior" men, women, and children in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union during the Second World War. Those who have seen these terrible photos of mass executions and other atrocities, currently on show in an exhibition in Germany and soon to be in the United States, will find this volume most enlightening.

Among the many myths about the relationship of Nazism to the mass of the German population, few proved more powerful in postwar West Germany than the notion that the Wehrmacht had not been involved in the crimes of the Third Reich. Former generals were particularly effective in spreading, through memoirs and speeches, the legend that millions of German soldiers had fought an honest and "clean" war and that mass murder, especially in the East, was entirely the work of Himmler's SS. This volume contains the most important contributions by distinguished historians who have thoroughly demolished this Wehrmacht myth. The picture that emerges from this collection is a depressing one and raises many questions about why "ordinary men" got involved as perpetrators and bystanders in an unprecedented program of extermination of "racially inferior" men, women, and children in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union during the Second World War. Those who have seen these terrible photos of mass executions and other atrocities, currently on show in an exhibition in Germany and soon to be in the United States, will find this volume most enlightening.

Hannes Heer is a historian and film director. Klaus Naumann is a historain and journalist; both are Fellows of the Hamburg Institute for Social Studies.

The idea of Volums 4 and 5 of this series is a combination of a very condensed but broad review, handbook and textbook on most of the theoretical and practical aspects of pyrethroids of interest to chemists, biologists, pharmacologists, toxicologists and other people involved in insecticidal research, development, ecotoxicolo gy, application, patenting and commercialization of pyrethroids, as seen from a point of view of an industrial chemist once actively in volved in pyrethroid research. In order to provide a mode1 data base for testing quantitative structure activity relationships, the unique wealth of the numerous and diverse biological data dispersed in the literature is listed in about 110 tables, put in relation to each other and other standard compounds, together with many structural formulas of the com pounds involved. A number of data are published for the first time. Some of the more important reeent QSAR-studies are briefly acknowledged. Conformational aspects of bioactive pyrethroids are discussed (from synthesis, QSAR, X-ray); some of the X-ray derived conformations are published for the first time. The molecular basis of pyrethroid biological action is taken into consideration as intensively as possible. Stereochemical aspects are considered wherever they are involved in synthesis, biological activity, mode of action, metabolism (Vol. 4), and particularly in the complex problems in the production and relation of iso merically enriched trade products (Vol. 5). Since pyrethroid research is now, in manyaspeets, a finished chapter of applied research, a historieal treatment of the course of inventions is given (inventions, patent priorities).

Chemistry of Plant Protection continues the handbook "Chemie der Pflanzenschutz- und Schadlingsbekampfungsmittel", edited by R. Wegler. Volumes 4 and 5 of the series provide the first complete and in depth overview of synthetic pyrethroid insecticides . Volume 5 presents a detailed survey of the numerous synthetic methods (270 reaction schemes) and of stereochemical aspects of trade products, and a compilation of almost every patent on pyrethroids (2700 references evaluated).

Dieser Band zeigt die sensationell anmutenden Fortschritte der Pyrethrum- Chemie, die fur Forschung, Industrie und Anwender neue Aspekte eroeffnet. Vor allem englische und japanische Chemiker haben in fast dreissigjahriger, intensiver Arbeit, ausgehend von den naturlich vorkommenden Insektiziden aus Pyrethrum- pflanzen und bereits bekannten synthetischen Abwandlungsprodukten, wirk- samere und bestandigere Wirkstoffe gewinnen koennen. (Eine UEbersicht des Forschungsstandes bis 1967 findet sich in Band I (Claussen).) Nach dem Bekanntwerden der ersten wesentlichen Erfolge durch Elliot in England ist die Forschung von fast allen grossen Chemiefirmen und Forschungsinstituten auf- genommen worden. Dr. K. Naumann (Bayer AG) hat gedrangt, doch moeglichst vollstandig die umfangreichen Forschungsergebnisse sowie die zahlreichen Versuchs- und Han- deisprodukte zusammengestellt. Er zeigt, wie der Weg zu neuen Wirkstoffen uber komplizierte Synthesen mit zahlreichen Zwischenstufen fuhrt. Die hoechst- wirksamen Verbindungen lassen auch Vielstufen-Synthesen noch aussichtsreich erscheinen. Der Beitrag demonstriert nicht nur den hervorragenden Stand der chemischen Forschung, sondern auch den grossen Aufwand, der dafur noetig ist. Nachteile fruherer Verbindungen, wie die geringe Stabilitat unter atmosphari- schen Bedingungen, konnten ausgeschaltet werden, ohne dass Wirkung und rascher Wirkungseintritt verloren gingen. Leider musste bei einigen Verbindungen eine hoehere Toxizitat in Kauf genommen werden, doch wegen der guten Abbaueigen- schaften gibt es keine Ruckstandsprobleme. Diese UEbersicht macht deutlich, wie es der rein chemischen Insektizid-Forschung immer wieder gelingt, entscheidende Fortschritte zu erzielen. Februar 1981 R. Wegler Inhaltsverzeichnis A. Allgemeiner Teil I. Die naturlichen Pyrethrine ............. .

Modeled on the acclaimed Great Generals series, which features the stategy and legacy of famous American generals, World Generals broadens the scope to include the world's finest military leaders. Each volume will include a foreword by Wesley K. Clark, and be co-edited by a different foreign general who will write an afterword.

This exciting new series opens with "The Desert Fox," the most famous German field marshall in World War II, Erwin Rommel. A hero of the people of the Third Reich and widely respected by his opponents, Rommel proved himself highly adept at Blitzkrieg warfare. Both in France and North Africa he consistently outwitted his adversaries through his ability to sense the weak spot in his enemy's deployment and the pace at which he conducted his operations. Rommel's serious wounding in France came just three days before the aborted attempt on Hitler's life. Rommel subsequently came under suspicion of being involved in the plot and, under pressure, he committed suicide. Rommel displayed an outstanding ability to seize the initiative and retain it, and here, Charles Messenger draws on the skills behind this ability for the benefit of modern day leaders.

Festivals sind heute allgegenwartig, sei es im Bereich des Films, der Literatur, des Theaters oder des Sports. In besonders zahl- und artenreicher Form existieren sie jedoch in Verbindung mit Musik, hauptsachlich popularer Musik. Doch gibt es einheitliche Charakteristiken, verbindende Wesensmerkmale der verschiedenen Musik-Festivals? Die Autoren dieses Sammelbands nahern sich dem Thema aus verschiedenen Perspektiven und mit unterschiedlichen Schwerpunkten. Das musikalische Spektrum umfasst die verschiedensten Bereiche von sogenannter traditioneller Volksmusik uber Jazz, Rock bis zu Heavy Metal. Neben theoretisch / fachgeschichtlichen Ausfuhrungen wird der Fokus neben Deutschland und Osterreich auch auf Albanien, Belarus, Russland und Indien gerichtet. Voraus ging diesem Band eine internationale Tagung zum Thema Festivals popularer Musik, die vom 6. bis 9. Oktober 2010 in Koln stattfand und von der Kommission zur Erforschung musikalischer Volkskulturen in der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Volkskunde e. V.und dem Institut fur Europaische Musikethnologie an der Universitat zu Koln ausgerichtet wurde.