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The origin of this volume and the symposium proceedings it records
can be traced to the deliberations of the National Academy of
Sciences' Animal Orientation and Tracking Committee of the 1969
Space Biology Summer Study at Santa Cruz, California, whose members
pointed to the potential role of satellites and recent
bioengineering developments as a means of gaining information about
the many questions of animal travel, particularly the mechanisms
involved in long-distance navigational ability. Coming several
years since its predecessor conferences, at a time of a new
popularization of ecology and a growing availability of advanced
technology, the Wallops Station symposium reflected its temporal
and geographic setting. The papers and discussions of this volume
contrast the classical approaches to phenomena of ancient interest,
the beginnings made in applying satellite technology, and the
conceptual and methodological advances in experimental biology
which have taken place in the past few years. The range of species,
sensory modalities, and methodologies provide the reader with a
substantial sample of the developments in this field and with the
basis for predicting, to some degree, its future course. Already
apparent is the combining of field observations made under highly
variable natural conditions with analytic, manipulative laboratory
methods. A greater precision in the experimental questions now
being posed is making their solution increasingly susceptible to
neurophysiological and behavioral techniques for isolating the
variables, both internal and environmental, which control this
class of behavior. Whether the mechanisms of orientation and
navigation will yield to the current array of approaches addressed
to specific questions or must await a more general understanding of
brain function, there is little doubt that this symposium will have
had a significant effect on the research to be reported whenever
the participants in this field again assemble to assess their
progress. Richard E. Belleville Bioscience Programs
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