This book presents applications of machine learning techniques in processing multimedia large-scale data. Multimedia such as text, image, audio, video, and graphics stands as one of the most demanding and exciting aspects of the information era. The book discusses new challenges faced by researchers in dealing with these large-scale data and also presents innovative solutions to address several potential research problems, e.g., enabling comprehensive visual classification to fill the semantic gap by exploring large-scale data, offering a promising frontier for detailed multimedia understanding, as well as extract patterns and making effective decisions by analyzing the large collection of data.

This book presents applications of machine learning techniques in processing multimedia large-scale data. Multimedia such as text, image, audio, video, and graphics stands as one of the most demanding and exciting aspects of the information era. The book discusses new challenges faced by researchers in dealing with these large-scale data and also presents innovative solutions to address several potential research problems, e.g., enabling comprehensive visual classification to fill the semantic gap by exploring large-scale data, offering a promising frontier for detailed multimedia understanding, as well as extract patterns and making effective decisions by analyzing the large collection of data.

Role of Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms in Sustainable Agriculture and Nanotechnology explores PGPMs (actinomycetes, bacteria, fungi and cyanobacteria) and their multidimensional roles in agriculture, including their increasing applications in sustainable agriculture. In addition to their traditional understanding and applications in agriculture, PGPMs are increasingly known as a source of nano-particles production that are gaining significant interest in their ability to provide more economically, environmentally friendly and safe technologies to crop growers. The book considers new concepts and current developments in plant growth, thus promoting microorganisms research and evaluating its implications for sustainable productivity. Users will find this to be an invaluable resource for researchers in applied microbial biotechnology, soil science, nano-technology of microbial strains, and industry personnel in these areas.

Climate Change and Agricultural Ecosystems explains the causative factors of climate change related to agriculture, soil and plants, and discusses the relevant resulting mitigation process. Agricultural ecosystems include factors from the surrounding areas where agriculture experiences direct or indirect interaction with the plants, animals, and microbes present. Changes in climatic conditions influence all the factors of agricultural ecosystems, which can potentially adversely affect their productivity. This book summarizes the different aspects of vulnerability, adaptation, and amelioration of climate change in respect to plants, crops, soil, and microbes for the sustainability of the agricultural sector and, ultimately, food security for the future. It also focuses on the utilization of information technology for the sustainability of the agricultural sector along with the capacity and adaptability of agricultural societies under climate change. Climate Change and Agricultural Ecosystems incorporates both theoretical and practical aspects, and serves as base line information for future research. This book is a valuable resource for those working in environmental sciences, soil sciences, agricultural microbiology, plant pathology, and agronomy.

The book focused on the analysis and performance of 'SMEs sector that pragmatically evolved in the changed environment and challenges that developed in late 1980s and early 1990s as the result of 'Liberalization, Privatization and finally Globalization (LPG) in Indian Economy. The pragmatic shift from 'Nehruvian Economic Policy' to New Economic Policy' was based on the premise that for development, implementation of governmental policies to be in accordance with LPG. Globalization opened new dimensions to market mechanism in relation to production and distribution relations, creating challenges and opportunities to MSMEs. The study analyses the changed economic policies and programmes of the government in post 1990s for the development of SMEs. The issues and questions like, what are the reasons of not been able to face global competitions, enrich enough to provide qualitative standards of products oriented to export, and why not 'made in India' instead of 'made in china' products.

Smokeless tobacco products have been in existence for thousands of years among populations in South America and Southeast Asia. Over time, these products have gained popularity in throughout the world. Smokeless tobacco is consumed without burning the product, and can be used orally or nasally. All forms of smokeless tobacco contain high concentrations of toxic agents; over 2,000 chemicals, many of which have been directly related to causing cancer. Being real chewing tobacco dangers of smokeless tobacco hazards, these carcinogens increase the risk of cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and esophagus. As health professionals, it is our responsibility to let people know about the ill effects of smokeless tobacco on health, on their families, on the society and in turn on the nation and it is only our primary responsibility to help people to quit this habit, and prevent the young generation from falling prey to this deadly habit. This book provides extensively the information on smokeless tobacco, its ill effect on oral health, measures to control its use with special emphasis on role of oral health professionals in tobacco control.