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Nanotechnological Aspects for Next-generation Wound Management
provides detailed, up-to-date literature on nanotechnology's role
in wound management and its applications using nanoparticles,
nanocomposites, carbon-based nanostructures and nanomaterials.
Scaffolds, three-dimensional approaches, skin tissue engineering,
and polymer-based films are discussed to treat wounds. This
one-of-a-kind reference is ideal for health practitioners,
clinicians and researchers who will find the book to be excellent
reference material for updates on recent trends in nanotechnology
for wound management.
Small ruminants, especially goats contribute meat, milk, fiber and
other functions that are significant to the productivity, stability
and sustenance of many farming systems. Goat keeping in tropical
countries is undergoing a transformation from the traditional
extensive browse-based feeding system to intensive stall feeding
system mainly because of intensification of agriculture, shrinkage
of grazing lands and reclamation of fallow lands for alternate use.
Hence, cereal straws are increasingly being used as basal feeds for
goats in the arable areas of the tropics. The World Health
Organization (W.H.O) has been promoting a movement for "Saving
plants for saving lives." Efficiency of utilization of poor quality
roughages can be maximized by the supply of deficient nutrients
like nitrogen, micro nutrients etc. in the ration of animals. In
this context, the role of medicinal plants, especially fenu greek
seeds, as feed additives, in the ration of animals is of vital
significance in the countries, where small land holdings and large
ruminant densities result in a severe problem of feed availability
from more conventional sources like oil cakes and cereal by
products.
A plant disease is a dynamic process where a living or nonliving
entity interferes with the normal functions of a plant over a
period of time. Things that happen just once, like lawnmower blight
or lightning strikes, are not considered diseases, but rather
injuries. Plant diseases result in visible symptoms that can help
diagnose the disease or disorder. Disease epidemics can also
threaten entire plant species. Exotic pests can threaten the
continued existence of a species. Historical examples of
destructive plant disease epidemics include three American
tragedies: American chestnut blight, Dutch elm disease and
butternut canker. Along with these three diseases some other
diseases like palm lethal yellowing, oak wilt, cypress canker and
Xylella outbreak caused severe epidemic.
Wood decay is a deterioration of wood by primarily enzymatic
activities of microorganisms. For practical purposes, fungi are the
only agents of wood decay. Fungi which grow on wood are sometimes
called "lignicolous" fungi. But why develop a set of keys limited
to fungi utilizing wood as a substrate? After all, being
lignicolous does not define a taxonomic category. Lignicolous fungi
include ascomycetes and basidiomycetes and a large number of
classes and orders within each of these groups. Most of these taxa
include both lignicolous and terrestrial species. Rather than
taxonomy, the keys focus on the biological activity holding this
otherwise disparate group of fungi together: their ability to
degrade cellulose and lignin, the major components of wood. Forest
trees and valuable landscape trees can be infected and rotted by
these fungi. Knowing the species growing on a tree can help the
forester determine the likely extent of loss. Different species are
associated with different amounts of decay in the tree.
Additionally, some species are restricted to sapwood and will not
affect the merchantable volume of heartwood. Some fungi can decay
sound wood; others decay only decaying wood.
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