Is creativity something that we are simply born with and cannot hone with effort? Some say that creativity cannot be cultivated. Is it true? In general, our thinking sticks to reality unless there is any external stimulation. With our thinking fixed on a certain situation, it becomes difficult to come up with a fresh idea.In this regard, three questions are suggested: (1)Question of Time: When a problem arises, question yourself on a time axis first of all. How would the matter be handled 10 or 20 years from now? (2)Question of Space: Ask yourself some questions on its spatial elements. How would the matter be handled in Saudi Arabia or in China? (3)Question of Field: Apply the given problem in a variety of fields. How would the matter be handled in the field of music or electronic engineering?

The three questions suggested here are given on the three axes: time, space, and field, and this book deals with theoretical and practical aspects on the topics. In this way it is a unique book about the systematic method of developing creativity, which will have appeal to researchers and students in multidisciplinary fields from neuroscience to physics, and engineering and computer science, as well as a general public.

Is creativity something that we are simply born with and cannot hone with effort? Some say that creativity cannot be cultivated. Is it true? In general our thinking sticks to reality unless there is any external stimulation. With our thinking fixed on a certain situation, it becomes difficult to come up with a fresh idea. In this regard, three questions are suggested: (1) Question of Time: When a problem arises, question yourself on a time axis first of all. How would the matter be handled 10 or 20 years from now? (2) Question of Space: Ask yourself some questions on its spatial elements. How would the matter be handled in Saudi Arabia or in China? (3) Question of Field: Apply the given problem in a variety of fields. How would the matter be handled in the field of music or electronic engineering? The three questions suggested here are given on the three axes: time, space, and field, and this book deals with theoretical and practical aspects on the topics. In this way it is a unique book about the systematic method of developing creativity, which will have appeal to researchers and students in multidisciplinary fields from neuroscience to physics, and engineering and computer science, as well as a general public.

Fuzzy theory has become a subject that generates much interest among the courses for graduate students. However, it was not easy to find a suitable textbook to use in the introductory course and to recommend to the students who want to self-study. The main purpose of this book is just to meet that need. The author has given lectures on the fuzzy theory and its applications for ten years and continuously developed lecture notes on the subject. This book is a publication of the modification and summary of the lecture notes. The fundamental idea of the book is to provide basic and concrete concepts of the fuzzy theory and its applications, and thus the author focused on easy illustrations of the basic concepts. There are numerous examples and figures to help readers to understand and also added exercises at the end of each chapter. This book consists of two parts: a theory part and an application part. The first part (theory part) includes chapters from 1 to 8. Chapters 1 and 2 introduce basic concepts of fuzzy sets and operations, and Chapters 3 and 4 deal with the multi-dimensional fuzzy sets. Chapters 5 and 6 are extensions of the fuzzy theory to the number and function, and Chapters 7 and 8 are developments of fuzzy properties on the probability and logic theories.