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L. B. STRANG The past 25 years have seen a remarkable growth in our
knowledge of lung development in its structural, physiological and
biochemical dimensions. Much of the impetus for research leading to
new knowledge has derived from the perception that many respiratory
disorders in the newborn infant are due to defective development or
maladaption of some component or components of the respiratory
system. Thus, to cite one example, surfac tant deficiency is
clearly seen to be the cause of atelectasis in hyaline mem brane
disease; and to cite another, it is widely accepted that the
mechanisms controlling patency of the ductus arteriosus and
pulmonary vascular resistance also determine the right-to-Ieft or
left-to-right shunting frequently observed in the course of
neonatal respiratory disorders. There are, however, areas of
physiological knowledge - such as those relating to respiratory
control and to liquid formation and absorption - which are clearly
of great relevance to lung adaptation at birth but where it has not
yet proved possible to link a specific clinical state to the
malfunction of a particular mechanism. In planning this symposium
an attempt was made to organize the material in an orderly manner,
starting with the embryonic and fetal stages of growth and
development, continuing with respiratory control and the role of
surfactant in lung aeration at birth, and ending with the treatment
of neonatal respiratory disorders."
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