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In line with COP21 agreements, state-led climate change mitigation
and adaptation actions are being undertaken to transition to
carbon-neutral, green economies. However, the capacity of many
countries for action is limited and may result in a 'boomerang
effect', defined as the unintended negative consequences of such
policies and programmes on local communities and their negative
feedbacks on the state. To avoid this effect, there is a need to
understand the policy drivers, decision-making processes, and
impacts of such action, in order to determine the ways and means of
minimizing negative effects and maximizing mutually beneficial
policy outcomes. This book directly engages the policy debates
surrounding water resources and climate actions through both
theoretical and comparative case studies. It develops the
'boomerang effect' concept and sets it in relation to other
conceptual tools for understanding the mixed outcomes of state-led
climate change action, for example 'backdraft' effect and
'maldevelopment'. It also presents case studies illustrative of the
consequences of ill-considered state-led policy in the water sector
from around the world. These include Africa, China, South Asia,
South America, the Middle East, Turkey and Vietnam, and examples of
groundwater, hydropower development and forest hydrology, where
there are often transboundary consequences of a state's policies
and actions. In this way, the book adds empirical and theoretical
insights to a still developing debate regarding the appropriate
ways and means of combating climate change without undermining
state and social development.
In line with COP21 agreements, state-led climate change mitigation
and adaptation actions are being undertaken to transition to
carbon-neutral, green economies. However, the capacity of many
countries for action is limited and may result in a 'boomerang
effect', defined as the unintended negative consequences of such
policies and programmes on local communities and their negative
feedbacks on the state. To avoid this effect, there is a need to
understand the policy drivers, decision-making processes, and
impacts of such action, in order to determine the ways and means of
minimizing negative effects and maximizing mutually beneficial
policy outcomes. This book directly engages the policy debates
surrounding water resources and climate actions through both
theoretical and comparative case studies. It develops the
'boomerang effect' concept and sets it in relation to other
conceptual tools for understanding the mixed outcomes of state-led
climate change action, for example 'backdraft' effect and
'maldevelopment'. It also presents case studies illustrative of the
consequences of ill-considered state-led policy in the water sector
from around the world. These include Africa, China, South Asia,
South America, the Middle East, Turkey and Vietnam, and examples of
groundwater, hydropower development and forest hydrology, where
there are often transboundary consequences of a state's policies
and actions. In this way, the book adds empirical and theoretical
insights to a still developing debate regarding the appropriate
ways and means of combating climate change without undermining
state and social development.
In 2018, the city of Cape Town faced the prospect of reaching 'day
zero', that is a combination of natural and human-made factors
leading to the complete collapse of its municipal water supply.
While the rains eventually fell and a major disaster was averted,
the fear of running out of water looms large in the psyche of
residents in many cities around the world. Water is a
non-substitutable, essential, finite and fugitive resource. It is
the lifeblood of human endeavour. Cities, through global processes
such as Agenda 2030 and forums such as ICLEI exchange best
practices for achieving water security. These forums also are
collective social spaces occupied by civil society organizations
who share strategies and tactics, and the private sector, who
compete for markets and contracts, promoting patent-protected
technologies. It is these groups - states, civil societies, private
sectors - coming together who determine who gets what water, when,
and where. It is the job of academics to understand the how and
why, and of (academic-)activists to fight for equity of access and
sustainability of use. Evidence drawn from around the world and
over time consistently shows that water flows toward money and
power. Outcomes are too-often socially inequitable, environmentally
unsustainable and economically inefficient. How to shift existing
processes toward improved practices is not clear, but positive
outcomes do exist. In this collection, we compare and contrast the
challenges and opportunities for achieving urban water security
with a focus on 11 major world cities: Bangalore, Beijing, Cairo,
Cape Town, Chennai, Istanbul, Jakarta, London, Melbourne, Sao Paulo
and Tokyo. Through the theoretical, conceptual and practical
insights provided in these case studies, our collection
constructively contributes to a global conversation regarding the
ways and means of 'avoiding day zero'.
This book explores the repercussions, prospects for political and
economic development, security consequences, and casualties of the
social, political and economic interactions between the hobbled
leviathan of the South Africa and its continental neighbours. .
Despite the lingering effects of more than a decade of sanctions
and economic stagnation, South Africa retains the most powerful,
industrialized, and diversified economy in sub-Saharan Africa.
Today, as a postapartheid future is constructed and as the old
political and economic barriers with the rest of the continent
crumble, it is probable that th
In 2018, the city of Cape Town faced the prospect of reaching
‘day zero’, that is a combination of natural and human-made
factors leading to the complete collapse of its municipal water
supply. While the rains eventually fell and a major disaster was
averted, the fear of running out of water looms large in the psyche
of residents in many cities around the world. Water is a
non-substitutable, essential, finite and fugitive resource. It is
the lifeblood of human endeavour. Cities, through global processes
such as Agenda 2030 and forums such as ICLEI exchange best
practices for achieving water security. These forums also are
collective social spaces occupied by civil society organizations
who share strategies and tactics, and the private sector, who
compete for markets and contracts, promoting patent-protected
technologies. It is these groups – states, civil societies,
private sectors – coming together who determine who gets what
water, when, and where. It is the job of academics to understand
the how and why, and of (academic-)activists to fight for equity of
access and sustainability of use. Evidence drawn from around the
world and over time consistently shows that water flows toward
money and power. Outcomes are too-often socially inequitable,
environmentally unsustainable and economically inefficient. How to
shift existing processes toward improved practices is not clear,
but positive outcomes do exist. In this collection, we compare and
contrast the challenges and opportunities for achieving urban water
security with a focus on 11 major world cities: Bangalore, Beijing,
Cairo, Cape Town, Chennai, Istanbul, Jakarta, London, Melbourne,
Sao Paulo and Tokyo. Through the theoretical, conceptual and
practical insights provided in these case studies, our collection
constructively contributes to a global conversation regarding the
ways and means of ‘avoiding day zero’.
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