This book presents a major research program investigating signal transduction processes utilizing small molecule compound probes. The program was launched by the National Natural Science Foundation of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan period, which was started in October 2008 and concluded at the end of 2016. It first summarizes the overall scientific objectives and the current situation of signal transduction research in China and the international frontier. Based on the new method and technologies achieved in small molecule compound probes, this book illustrates key molecular events in signal transduction processes in living systems and reveals the regulation of signal transduction. This helps to explore new ideas and strategies for the diagnosis and prevention of serious diseases. In addition, via interdisciplinary cooperation of biology and chemistry, this book solves some key scientific problems in biology and promotes recent developments in these fields. These areas include the generation of small molecule compound probes for studying signal transduction and development of detecting methods for gathering information of biomacromolecule activities. Given its scope, the book is of interest to researchers who work in organic chemistry, natural product chemistry, medicinal chemistry, analytical chemistry and physical chemistry. It also promotes the multidisciplinary collaboration among chemistry, medicine, materials science and biology

As the first book to introduce and analyze cultural studies in contemporary China, this volume is an important resource for Western scholars wishing to understand the rise and development of cultural studies in China. Organized according to subject, it includes extensive material examining the relationships between culture and politics, as well as culture and institutions in contemporary China. Further, it discusses the development of cultural debates.

This book investigates and evaluates the indexes of Government Transparency, Judicial Transparency, Procuratorial Transparency, and Legislation by Local People's Congresses in China. It explores a representative case study on the Rule of Law in Yuhang District of Hangzhou City, assesses the progress made and remaining problems in the implementation of these systems, and puts forward suggestions on how they could be improved in the future.

This book introduces the basic framework of advanced focal plane technology based on the third-generation infrared focal plane concept. The essential concept, research advances, and future trends in advanced sensor arrays are comprehensively reviewed. Moreover, the book summarizes recent research advances in HgCdTe/AlGaN detectors for the infrared/ultraviolet waveband, with a particular focus on the numerical method of detector design, material epitaxial growth and processing, as well as Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistor readout circuits. The book offers a unique resource for all graduate students and researchers interested in the technologies of focal plane arrays or electro-optical imaging sensors.

As the first book to introduce and analyze cultural studies in contemporary China, this volume is an important resource for Western scholars wishing to understand the rise and development of cultural studies in China. Organized according to subject, it includes extensive material examining the relationships between culture and politics, as well as culture and institutions in contemporary China. Further, it discusses the development of cultural debates.

This book introduces the basic framework of advanced focal plane technology based on the third-generation infrared focal plane concept. The essential concept, research advances, and future trends in advanced sensor arrays are comprehensively reviewed. Moreover, the book summarizes recent research advances in HgCdTe/AlGaN detectors for the infrared/ultraviolet waveband, with a particular focus on the numerical method of detector design, material epitaxial growth and processing, as well as Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistor readout circuits. The book offers a unique resource for all graduate students and researchers interested in the technologies of focal plane arrays or electro-optical imaging sensors.

This volume summarizes the achievements on rule of law in China for the ten years from 2002 to 2012, particularly focusing on areas such as judicial review, anti-monopoly, reform of government agencies, the circulation of rural Land contracted management rights, and the protection of children's rights. It also considers the prospects for rule of law in China in the future. With numerous tables and screenshots to illustrate the text and provide a comprehensive overview and insights into China's rule of law establishment, it appeals to readers interested in judicial reform, rural medical service, children's rights protection and anti-monopoly.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 16th National Conference, NASAC 2017, held in Harbin, China, in November 2017, and the 17th National Conference, NASAC 2018, held in Shenzhen, China, in November 2018. The 6 revised selected papers were selected from 17 submissions for NASAC 2017, and 5 revised selected papers were selected from 20 submissions for NASAC 2018. The papers focus on all aspects of software engineering, e.g. requirements engineering, software methodologies, software analytics, software testing and evolution, and empirical studies.

This volume summarizes the achievements on rule of law in China for the ten years from 2002 to 2012, particularly focusing on areas such as judicial review, anti-monopoly, reform of government agencies, the circulation of rural Land contracted management rights, and the protection of children's rights. It also considers the prospects for rule of law in China in the future. With numerous tables and screenshots to illustrate the text and provide a comprehensive overview and insights into China's rule of law establishment, it appeals to readers interested in judicial reform, rural medical service, children's rights protection and anti-monopoly.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Intelligence Science and Big Data Engineering, IScIDE 2017, held in Dalian, China, in September 2017.The 48 full papers and 14 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 121 submissions. They deal with statistics and learning; deep neural networks; faces and people; objects; classification and clustering; imaging; biomedical signal processing; and recommendation.

The deepening engagement of China in Africa since the end of the cold war has led to debates about the evolving nature of this relationship. Yet the focus of analysis has largely been confined to the interactions between states. Little attention has been paid to the growing dialogue between Chinese and African civil society organizations. This collection of essays, written by scholars and activists, explores the interaction between African and Chinese nonstate actors and argues that the future of Africa-China relations rests on including such voices if a robust and vibrant engagement and a meaningful relationship are to be sustained. Chinese and African Perspectives on China in Africa assesses China's activities in Africa through patterns of investment, legal cooperation, effects on the environment, trade, aid and labor links, questions of peace, security and stability, the African Union response, possible regulatory interventions, and the future strengthening of an Africa-China CSO dialogue.

This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.

With the increasing scalability of semiconductor processes, the higher level of functional integration at the die level, and the system integration of different technologies needed for consumer electronics, System-in-Package (SiP) is the new advanced system integration technology, which integrates (or vertically stacks) within a single package multiple components such as CPU, digital logic, analog/mixed-signal, memory, and passive and discrete components in a single system. System-in-Package: Electrical and Layout Perspectives focuses on electrical and layout perspectives, as opposed to discussing thermal and mechanic characteristics of SiP. It first introduces package technologies, and then presents SiP design flow and design exploration. Finally, the paper discusses details of beyond-die signal and power integrity and physical implementation such as I/O (input/output cell) placement and routing for redistribution layer, escape, and substrate. System-in-Package: Electrical and Layout Perspectives is an invaluable reference for EDA researchers, professionals, and graduate students.

Image understanding usually includes interrelated components of image segmentation and object/scene recognition. Image segmentation extracts the objects/regions of interest from images which are then analyzed for recognition. Deformable contour methods (DCMs) are commonly applied for image segmentation. To understand the strengths and limitations of different DCMs, a comparative study to review eight major snakes and level set methods applied to the medical image segmentation is presented. The studied DCMs are compared using both qualitative and quantitative measures and the lessons learned from this medical segmentation comparison can be translated to other image segmentation domains. DCM results can be recognized for further image analysis and understanding, e.g. a graph matching algorithm is presented in this book for rather challenging segmentation applications, such as blur boundary, complex shape, and intensity inhomogeneity. The skeleton-based graph matching algorithm consists of major operations of skeleton extraction, representation, and matching for recognition, and the results are fedback into the image segmentation to increase the accuracy of the advanced segmentation.

Model order reduction (MOR) techniques reduce the complexity of VLSI designs, paving the way to higher operating speeds and smaller feature sizes. This book presents a systematic introduction to, and treatment of, the key MOR methods employed in general linear circuits, using real-world examples to illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm. Following a review of traditional projection-based techniques, coverage progresses to more advanced MOR methods for VLSI design, including HMOR, passive truncated balanced realization (TBR) methods, efficient inductance modeling via the VPEC model, and structure-preserving MOR techniques. Where possible, numerical methods are approached from the CAD engineer's perspective, avoiding complex mathematics and allowing the reader to take on real design problems and develop more effective tools. With practical examples and over 100 illustrations, this book is suitable for researchers and graduate students of electrical and computer engineering, as well as practitioners working in the VLSI design industry.

Model order reduction (MOR) techniques reduce the complexity of VLSI designs, paving the way to higher operating speeds and smaller feature sizes. This book presents a systematic introduction to, and treatment of, the key MOR methods employed in general linear circuits, using real-world examples to illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm. Following a review of traditional projection-based techniques, coverage progresses to more advanced MOR methods for VLSI design, including HMOR, passive truncated balanced realization (TBR) methods, efficient inductance modeling via the VPEC model, and structure-preserving MOR techniques. Where possible, numerical methods are approached from the CAD engineer's perspective, avoiding complex mathematics and allowing the reader to take on real design problems and develop more effective tools. With practical examples and over 100 illustrations, this book is suitable for researchers and graduate students of electrical and computer engineering, as well as practitioners working in the VLSI design industry.