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A result of a conference at the University of Trier, Germany, this
volume mirrors its goals: * to provide an overview of recent
advances in research on critical life events and the losses
associated with them * to collect and stimulate new perspectives
for the analysis of these events * to compare the psychology of
victims experiencing stress and losses with the psychology of
observers in their reactions to victims. Designed to prevent
developmental psychological myths in the area of life crises, this
collection questions, on an empirical basis, the adequacy of
several widespread generalizations. At the same time its
contributors attempt to draw paths to conceptualizations and
theories in general psychology and social psychology which promise
to be helpful in analyzing and interpreting phenomena in the field
of life crises.
A result of a conference at the University of Trier, Germany, this
volume mirrors its goals:
* to provide an overview of recent advances in research on
critical life events and the losses associated with them
* to collect and stimulate new perspectives for the analysis of
these events
* to compare the psychology of victims experiencing stress and
losses with the psychology of observers in their reactions to
victims.
Designed to prevent developmental psychological myths in the area
of life crises, this collection questions, on an empirical basis,
the adequacy of several widespread generalizations. At the same
time its contributors attempt to draw paths to conceptualizations
and theories in general psychology and social psychology which
promise to be helpful in analyzing and interpreting phenomena in
the field of life crises.
What role does justice play in the formation of public opinion and
the scholarly debates about social problems? Does the perception of
injustice force problems to appear on the political agenda? Does
the perception of an injustice give momentum to social change? Or
are violations of self-interest or threats to one's material
welfare the more important factors? Or are empathy-driven concerns
for the needy and the disadvan taged motivations to solve societal
problems? What is known about the role justice concerns play in
leadership? In several chapters of this volume, justice concerns
and justice motives are viewed in relation to other concerns and
motivations; welfare, self-interest, altruism. It is argued that
the consensus of political theorists converges on mutual advantage
as the main criterion of acceptable solutions to solving socie tal
problems. In economics, self-interest is considered the driving
force and provides the criterion of acceptable solutions.
Sociological and social psychological exchange theories share these
basic assumptions. Thus, questions are raised and answered
concerning how justice and these other important motives appear in
the analyses of societal prob lems and the search for solutions.
Moreover, in addition to the issue of conflicting motives-self
interest, altruism, justice-it is commonly recognized that the
definition of what is just and what is unjust is open to question.
In public as well as in scientific dialogues, diverging views about
justice have to be integrated or decided upon.
The preparation of this volume began with a conference held at
Trier University, approximately thirty years after the publication
of the first Belief in a Just World (BJW) manuscript. The location
of the conference was especially appropriate given the continued
interest that the Trier faculty and students had for BJW research
and theory. As several chapters in this volume document, their
research together with the other contributors to this volume have
added to the current sophistication and status of the BJW
construct. In the 1960s and 1970s Melvin Lerner, together with his
students and colleagues, developed his justice motive theory. The
theory of Belief in a Just World (BJW) was part of that effort. BJW
theory, meanwhile in its thirties, has become very influential in
social and behavioral sciences. As with every widely applied
concept and theory there is a natural develop mental history that
involves transformations, differentiation of facets, and efforts to
identify further theoretical relationships. And, of course, that
growth process will not end unless the theory ceases to develop. In
this volume this growth is reconstructed along Furnham's stage
model for the development of scientific concepts. The main part of
the book is devoted to current trends in theory and research."
The preparation of this volume began with a conference held at
Trier University, approximately thirty years after the publication
of the first Belief in a Just World (BJW) manuscript. The location
of the conference was especially appropriate given the continued
interest that the Trier faculty and students had for BJW research
and theory. As several chapters in this volume document, their
research together with the other contributors to this volume have
added to the current sophistication and status of the BJW
construct. In the 1960s and 1970s Melvin Lerner, together with his
students and colleagues, developed his justice motive theory. The
theory of Belief in a Just World (BJW) was part of that effort. BJW
theory, meanwhile in its thirties, has become very influential in
social and behavioral sciences. As with every widely applied
concept and theory there is a natural develop mental history that
involves transformations, differentiation of facets, and efforts to
identify further theoretical relationships. And, of course, that
growth process will not end unless the theory ceases to develop. In
this volume this growth is reconstructed along Furnham's stage
model for the development of scientific concepts. The main part of
the book is devoted to current trends in theory and research."
What role does justice play in the formation of public opinion and
the scholarly debates about social problems? Does the perception of
injustice force problems to appear on the political agenda? Does
the perception of an injustice give momentum to social change? Or
are violations of self-interest or threats to one's material
welfare the more important factors? Or are empathy-driven concerns
for the needy and the disadvan taged motivations to solve societal
problems? What is known about the role justice concerns play in
leadership? In several chapters of this volume, justice concerns
and justice motives are viewed in relation to other concerns and
motivations; welfare, self-interest, altruism. It is argued that
the consensus of political theorists converges on mutual advantage
as the main criterion of acceptable solutions to solving socie tal
problems. In economics, self-interest is considered the driving
force and provides the criterion of acceptable solutions.
Sociological and social psychological exchange theories share these
basic assumptions. Thus, questions are raised and answered
concerning how justice and these other important motives appear in
the analyses of societal prob lems and the search for solutions.
Moreover, in addition to the issue of conflicting motives-self
interest, altruism, justice-it is commonly recognized that the
definition of what is just and what is unjust is open to question.
In public as well as in scientific dialogues, diverging views about
justice have to be integrated or decided upon."
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