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The developments in Judaism which occurred during the Second Temple
period (c. 550 BC to 100 AD) were of great importance for the
nature of Jewish religion in later centuries, yet few studies have
examined the era in full. Now Lester L. Grabbe's lucid and
accessible volume provides a much-needed encyclopedic study and
holistic interpretation of the period. Topics examined include: *
views about God and the spirit world * the temple and priesthood *
scripture and synagogue * the main religious sects and
revolutionary movements * eschatology and messianism * magic and
predicting the future * religion in the Jewish diaspora * converts
and 'Godfearers'. With an extensive, up-to-date bibliography, plus
numerous helpful cross-references, summaries and syntheses, this
book is essential reading for scholars and students of the history
of Jewish religion. It will also be of great value as a reference
tool.
The developments in Judaism which occurred during the Second Temple period (c. 550 BC to 100 AD) were of great importance for the nature of Jewish religion in later centuries, yet few studies have examined the era in full. Now Lester L. Grabbe's lucid and accessible volume provides a much-needed encyclopaedic study and holistic interpretation of the period. Topics examined include: * views about God and the spirit world * the temple and priesthood * scripture and synagogue * the main religious sects and revolutionary movements * eschatology and messianism * magic and predicting the future * religion in the Jewish diaspora * converts and 'Godfearers'. With an extensive, up-to-date bibliography, plus numerous helpful cross-references, summaries and syntheses, this book is essential reading for scholars and students of the history of Jewish religion. It will also be of great value as a reference tool. eBook available with sample pages: 0203461010
In this provocative study, Lester Grabbe presents a unique approach to Ezra-Nehemiah with the combination of a literary and historical approach. Lester Grabbe challenges commonly held assumptions about Joshua and Zerubbabel, the initial resettlement of land after the exile, the figure of Ezra and the activities of Nehemiah. Controversially, the challenge comes, not from radical theory but from paying careful attention to the text of the Bible itself.
In this companion volume to his bestselling Ancient Israel: What Do
We Know and How Do We Know It? Lester L. Grabbe provides the
background history of the main ancient Near Eastern peoples and
empires: Babylonia, Assyria, Urartu, Hittites, Amorites, Egyptians.
Grabbe's focus is on Palestine/Canaan and covers the early second
millennium, including the Middle Bronze Age and the Second
Intermediate Period and Hyksos rule of Egypt. Grabbe also addresses
the question of a 'patriarchal period'. The main focus of the book
is on the second half of the second millennium: Late Bronze and
early Iron Age, the Egyptian New Kingdom, the Amarna letters, the
Sea Peoples, the question of 'the exodus', the early settlements in
the hill country of Palestine, and the first mention of Israel in
the Merenptah inscription. Archaeology and the contribution of the
social sciences both feature heavily, as does inscriptional and
iconographic material. As such this volume provides a fascinating
portrayal of ancient Israel and this definitive work by one of the
world's leading biblical historians will be of interest to all
students and scholars of biblical history.
The contributions to this volume reflect upon changing paradigms
within biblical scholarship, and in how biblical scholarship is
taught. Taken together, they offer a multifaceted and informative
indication of how open-mindedness in one's approach can yield
fascinating results across the study of the Old Testament/Hebrew
Bible. The range in topic of the contributions is exemplified in
the difference between the first chapter, which works from the
personal anecdote of the changing opinion of its author to make a
wider point about models for Pentateuchal formation, and the third
chapter, which comments on the current state of the study of
ancient Israel in universities today. Other contributions include;
an essay on the subject of space as a social construct in Isaiah
24-27; civil courage and whether the Bible allows room for protest;
the question of monotheism in Persian Judah; the historical Ezra,
and the telling of the story of Joseph (Genesis 50: 15-21) in
children's Bibles in the Netherlands. The contributors include Hugh
Williamson, Ehud Ben Zvi, Rainer Albertz, Karel von der Toorn, and
Christoph Uehlinger.
This is the fourth and fi nal volume of Lester L. Grabbe's
four-volume history of the Second Temple period, collecting all
that is known about the Jews during the period in which they were
ruled by the Roman Empire. Based directly on primary sources such
as archaeology, inscriptions, Jewish literary sources and Greek,
Roman and Christian sources, this study includes analysis of the
Jewish diaspora, mystical and Gnosticism trends, and the
developments in the Temple, the law, and contemporary attitudes
towards Judaism. Spanning from the reign of Herod Archelaus to the
war with Rome and Roman control up to 150 CE, this volume concludes
with Grabbe's holistic perspective on the Jews and Judaism in the
Second Temple Period.
This is the third volume of the projected four-volume history of
the Second Temple period, collecting all that is known about the
Jews from the period of the Maccabaean revolt to Hasmonean rule and
Herod the Great. Based directly on primary sources, the study
addresses aspects such as Jewish literary sources, economy, Qumran
and the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Diaspora, causes of the Maccabaen
revolt, and the beginning and end of the Hasmonean kingdom and the
reign of Herod the Great. Discussed in the context of the wider
Hellenistic world and its history, and with an extensive up-to-date
secondary bibliography, this volume is an invaluable addition to
Lester Grabbe's in-depth study of the history of Judaism.
This is the fourth and fi nal volume of Lester L. Grabbe's
four-volume history of the Second Temple period, collecting all
that is known about the Jews during the period in which they were
ruled by the Roman Empire. Based directly on primary sources such
as archaeology, inscriptions, Jewish literary sources and Greek,
Roman and Christian sources, this study includes analysis of the
Jewish diaspora, mystical and Gnosticism trends, and the
developments in the Temple, the law, and contemporary attitudes
towards Judaism. Spanning from the reign of Herod Archelaus to the
war with Rome and Roman control up to 150 CE, this volume concludes
with Grabbe's holistic perspective on the Jews and Judaism in the
Second Temple Period.
This is the third volume of the projected four-volume history of
the Second Temple period, collecting all that is known about the
Jews from the period of the Maccabaean revolt to Hasmonean rule and
Herod the Great. Based directly on primary sources, the study
addresses aspects such as Jewish literary sources, economy, Qumran
and the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Diaspora, causes of the Maccabaen
revolt, and the beginning and end of the Hasmonean kingdom and the
reign of Herod the Great. Discussed in the context of the wider
Hellenistic world and its history, and with an extensive up-to-date
secondary bibliography, this volume is an invaluable addition to
Lester Grabbe's in-depth study of the history of Judaism.
Many books have been written on the Bible and evolution by
scientists, but this volume is written by a biblical specialist. In
Faith and Fossils Lester Grabbe, a prominent Hebrew Bible scholar,
examines the Bible in its ancient context and explores its meaning
in light of emerging scientific evidence. Journeying from the Bible
Belt to the premier centers of higher education, Grabbe grapples
with who we are and where we came from. Both the Bible and the
fossil record raise significant questions about what it means to be
human. Written in uncomplicated language and featuring spectacular
full-color photographs, Faith and Fossils brings science and faith
into creative conversation.
This tightly focused collection of essays, from an invited seminar
of international specialists, centres on the question of the
apocalyptic worldview around the time of the Maccabean revolt. What
was the nature of apocalyptic at this time? Did the Maccabees
themselves have a distinct apocalyptic worldview? These questions
lead to other, more specific queries: who of the various groups
held such a view? Certain of the essays analyse the characteristics
of the apocalypses and related literature in this period, and
whether the apocalyptic worldview itself gave rise to historical
events or, at least, influenced them. The collection begins with
two introductory essays. Both the main and short papers have
individual responses, and two considered responses by well-known
experts address the entire collection. The volume finishes with a
concluding chapter by the lead editor that gives a perspective on
the main themes and conclusions arising from the papers and
discussion.
This volume provides a series of contributions on the crucial
aspects relating to the Bible and the Late Bronze Age period. The
volume is introduced with a background essay surveying the main
areas of history and current scholarship relating to Late Bronze
Age Palestine and to the Egyptian New Kingdom (Dynasties 18-20)
domination of the region, as well as the question of the biblical
account of the same geographical area and historical period.
Specific chapters address a range of key concerns: the history of
Egypt's dealing with Canaan is surveyed in chapters by Grabbe and
Dijkstra. The Amarna texts are also dealt with by Lemche, Mayes and
Grabbe. The archaeology is surveyed by van der Steen. The Merenptah
Stela mentioning Israel is of considerable interest and is
discussed especially by Dijkstra. This leads on to the burning
question of the origins of Israel which several of the contributors
address. Another issue is whether the first Israelite communities
practised egalitarianism, an issue taken up by Guillaume, with a
response by Kletter.
This volume provides a series of contributions on the crucial
aspects relating to the Bible and the Late Bronze Age period. The
volume is introduced with a background essay surveying the main
areas of history and current scholarship relating to Late Bronze
Age Palestine and to the Egyptian New Kingdom (Dynasties 18-20)
domination of the region, as well as the question of the biblical
account of the same geographical area and historical period.
Specific chapters address a range of key concerns: the history of
Egypt's dealing with Canaan is surveyed in chapters by Grabbe and
Dijkstra. The Amarna texts are also dealt with by Lemche, Mayes and
Grabbe. The archaeology is surveyed by van der Steen. The Merenptah
Stela mentioning Israel is of considerable interest and is
discussed especially by Dijkstra. This leads on to the burning
question of the origins of Israel which several of the contributors
address. Another issue is whether the first Israelite communities
practised egalitarianism, an issue taken up by Guillaume, with a
response by Kletter.
This is a collection of essays examining the period of transition
between Persian and Greek rule of Judah, ca. 400-200 BCE. Subjects
covered include the archaeology of Maresha/Marisa, Jewish identity,
Hellenization/Hellenism, Ptolemaic administration in Judah,
biblical and Jewish literature of the early Greek period, the size
and status of Jerusalem, the Samaritans in the transition period,
and Greek foundations in Palestine.
This volume had its origins in a session presented to the Society
of Biblical Literature in Washington in 2006 in order to examine
the legacy of Peter Ackroyd to the field of biblical studies.
Ackroyd's work stretched over a wide range of topics within
Biblical Studies, notably study of prophetic literature and work on
exile and restoration. This volume particularly focuses upon his
work on the latter. Whilst the present work is founded upon the
papers given at the session it also includes several essays
solicited subsequently which further serve to draw the
contributions together into a fitting tribute to a pioneer in his
field.
The contributions take account of Ackroyd's approach to the theme
of exile and restoration, focusing largely upon the study of
Ezra-Nehemiah and Chronciles. As a brief flavour, Bob Becking
examines the epigraphic evidence concerning the mixed marriage
crisis Ezra-Nehemiah. Joe Blenkinsopp seeks to find the 'Sons of
Aaron' before the 5th Century in a fascinating essay focusing which
picks up the work of R.H. Kennett over a century ago. Among the
other distinguished contributors are John Bergsma, Eric Myers and
Jill Middlemass.
This is the second volume of the projected four-volume history of
the Second Temple period. It is axiomatic that there are large gaps
in the history of the Persian period, but the early Greek period is
possibly even less known. This volume brings together all we know
about the Jews during the period from Alexander's conquest to the
eve of the Maccabaean revolt, including the Jews in Egypt as well
as the situation in Judah. Based directly on the primary sources,
which are surveyed, the study addresses questions such as
administration, society, religion, economy, jurisprudence,
Hellenism and Jewish identity. These are discussed in the context
of the wider Hellenistic world and its history. A strength of the
study is its extensive up-to-date secondary bibliography
(approximately one thousand items).
Israel in Transition 2 is the second in a two-volume work
addressing some of the historical problems relating to the early
history of Israel, from its first mention around 1200 BCE to the
beginnings of the kingdoms of Israel and Judah. During this four
century transition period Israel moved from a group of small
settlements in the Judean and Samarian hill country to the two
kingdoms of Israel and Judah, occupying much of the land on the
west side of the Jordan. The present volume engages with the
relevant texts. These include various inscriptions, such as the Tel
Dan inscription and the Assyrian inscriptions, but also an
examination of the biblical text. The articles discuss various
individual problems relating to Israelite history, but ultimately
the aim is to comment on historical methodology. The debate among
Seminar members illustrates not only the problems but also suggests
solutions and usable methods. The editor provides a perspective on
the debate in a Conclusion that summarizes the contributions of the
two volumes together.
An internationally respected expert on the Second Temple period
provides a fully up-to-date introduction to this crucial area of
Biblical Studies. This introduction, by a world leader in the
field, provides the perfect guide to the Second Temple Period, its
history, literature, and religious setting. Lester Grabbe
magisterially guides the reader through the period providing a
careful overview of the most studied sources, the history
surrounding them and the various currents within Judaism at the
time. This book will be a core text for courses on the Apocrypha
and Pseudepigrapha, as well as Qumran, Intertestamental Literature
and Early Judaism.
This volume had its origins in a session presented to the Society
of Biblical Literature in Washington in 2006 in order to examine
the legacy of Peter Ackroyd to the field of biblical studies.
Ackroyd's work stretched over a wide range of topics within
Biblical Studies, notably study of prophetic literature and work on
exile and restoration. This volume particularly focuses upon his
work on the latter. Whilst the present work is founded upon the
papers given at the session it also includes several essays
solicited subsequently which further serve to draw the
contributions together into a fitting tribute to a pioneer in his
field.The contributions take account of Ackroyd's approach to the
theme of exile and restoration, focusing largely upon the study of
Ezra-Nehemiah and Chronciles. As a brief flavour, Bob Becking
examines the epigraphic evidence concerning the mixed marriage
crisis Ezra-Nehemiah. Joe Blenkinsopp seeks to find the 'Sons of
Aaron' before the 5th Century in a fascinating essay focusing which
picks up the work of R.H. Kennett over a century ago. Among the
other distinguished contributors are John Bergsma, Eric Myers and
Jill Middlemass.>
This is the second volume of the projected four-volume history of
the Second Temple period. It is axiomatic that there are large gaps
in the history of the Persian period, but the early Greek period is
possibly even less known. This volume brings together all we know
about the Jews during the period from Alexander's conquest to the
eve of the Maccabaean revolt, including the Jews in Egypt as well
as the situation in Judah. Based directly on the primary sources,
which are surveyed, the study addresses questions such as
administration, society, religion, economy, jurisprudence,
Hellenism and Jewish identity.These are discussed in the context of
the wider Hellenistic world and its history. A strength of the
study is its extensive up-to-date secondary bibliography
(approximately one thousand items).
According to the Bible, among the last kings of the kingdom of
Judah was one of the most notorious kings-Manasseh-and one of the
most righteous-Josiah. Are the accounts of their contrasting reigns
anything more than the ideological creations of pious writers and
editors? Does this juxtaposition of a 'good king' and a 'bad king'
provide good historical information or only theological wishful
thinking? This carefully compiled volume assesses the history of
Judah in the seventh century BCE covering history and archaeology
from Sennacherib to Nebuchadnezzar.Several examine the reign of
Josiah, questioning the nature of his famous cult reform, and even
its historicity. Others present new insights into the portrayal of
Manasseh and address the question of whether his reign is ripe for
re-evaluation. With contributions from internationally known
scholars such as Rainer Albertz, Philip Davies, Ernst Axel Knauf,
this incisive collection presents an illuminating view of the
depictions of kindship in the Hebrew Bible. "A very helpful volume
that delivers a candid shot of the debate on the history of seventh
century BCE. Of keen interest not only for commentators on the book
of Deuteronomy but also for those working on a literary history of
the Pentateuch or a history of a Yahweh religion." - Eckhart Otto,
University of Munich, Germany.
Since at least the 19th century Hebrew Bible scholarship has
traditionally seen priests and prophets as natural opponents, with
different social spheres and worldviews. In recent years several
studies have started to question this perspective. The Priests in
the Prophets examines how the priests are portrayed in the Latter
Prophets and analyzes the relationship between priests and
prophets. The contributors also provide insights into the place of
priests, prophets, and some other religious specialists in
Israelite and Judean society in pre-exilic and post-exilic times.
Much has been written on prophecy and apocalyptic in recent
decades, but the relationship between the two has been little
explored. A major explicit debate on the question is very much
needed and is now provided here. This collection of essays
addresses the subject from a variety of points of view, including
the issues of definitions, ancient Near Eastern 'prophecies',
social anthropology, place of the temple, and modern apocalyptic
movements. The Introduction summarizes the individual essays and
then engages the contributors in a debate on the main points
relevant to the topic. It argues that many scholars operate with
subconscious assumptions about how apocalyptic writings relate to
the prophetic writings but that many of these assumptions now need
to be questioned in the light of the essays in this volume. Such a
comprehensive attempt to tackle the main theoretical issues arising
from the study of the prophetic and the apocalyptic has not been
attempted for some time. Most of the contributors are already well
known for their contribution to scholarship on prophecy,
apocalypticism, or both. This volume brings fresh questions and
insights that both specialists and students will want to consider.
What makes one crime more serious than another, and why? This book
investigates the problem of seriousness of offence in English law
from the comparative perspective of biblical law. Burnside takes a
semiotic approach to show how biblical conceptions of seriousness
are synthesised and communicated through various descriptive and
performative registers. Seven case studies show that biblical law
discriminates between the seriousness of different offences and
between the relative seriousness of the same offence when committed
by different people or when performed in different ways. Recurring
elements include location and the offender's social statue. The
closing chapter considers some of the implications for the current
debate about crime and punishment.
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