Freeze-drying is an important preservation technique for heat-sensitive pharmaceuticals and foods. Products are first frozen, then dried in a vacuum at low temperature by sublimation and desorption, rather than by the application of heat. The resulting items can be stored at room temperature for long periods. This informative text addresses both principles and practice in this area. The first chapter introduces freeze-drying. The authors then review the fundamentals of the technique, heat-mass transfer analyses, modelling of the drying process and the equipment employed. Further chapters focus on freeze-drying of food, freeze-drying of pharmaceuticals and the protective agents and additives applied. The final chapter covers the important subjects of disinfection, sterilization and process validation. Freeze-drying of pharmaceutical and food products is an essential reference for food, pharmaceutical and refrigeration engineers and scientists with an interest in preservation techniques. It will also be of use to students in these fields.

In the last decade there has been a phenomenal growth in interest in crime pattern analysis. Geographic information systems are now widely used in urban police agencies throughout industrial nations. With this, scholarly interest in understanding crime patterns has grown considerably. ""Artificial Crime Analysis Systems: Using Computer Simulations and Geographic Information Systems"" discusses leading research on the use of computer simulation of crime patterns to reveal hidden processes of urban crimes, taking an interdisciplinary approach by combining criminology, computer simulation, and geographic information systems into one comprehensive resource.

This book highlights the fundamental physics of orbit theory, dynamical models, methods of orbit determination, design, measurement, adjustment, and complete calculations for the position, tracking, and prediction of satellites and deep spacecraft. It emphasizes specific methods, related mathematical calculations, and worked examples and exercises. Therefore, technicians and engineers in the aerospace industry can directly apply them to their practical work. Dedicated to undergraduate students and graduate students, researchers, and professionals in astronomy, physics, space science, and related aerospace industries, the book is an integrated work based on the accumulated knowledge in satellite orbit dynamics and the author’s more than five decades of personal research and teaching experience in astronomy and aerospace dynamics.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th Australasian Conference on Data Mining, AusDM 2017, held in Melbourne, VIC, Australia, in August 2017. The 17 revised full papers presented together with 11 research track papers and 6 application track papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 31 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on clustering and classification; big data; time series; outlier detection and applications; social media and applications.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the second Asia Pacific Requirements Engineering Symposium, APRES 2015, held in Wuhan, China, in October 2015. The 9 full papers presented together with 3 tool demos papers and one short paper, were carefully reviewed and selected from 18 submissions. The papers deal with various aspects of requirements engineering in the big data era, such as automated requirements analysis, requirements acquisition via crowdsourcing, requirement processes and specifications, requirements engineering tools.requirements engineering in the big data era, such as automated requirements analysis, requirements acquisition via crowdsourcing, requirement processes and specifications, requirements engineering tools.

This volume constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Confederated International Conferences: Cooperative Information Systems, CoopIS 2014, and Ontologies, Databases, and Applications of Semantics, ODBASE 2014, held as part of OTM 2014 in October 2014 in Amantea, Italy. The 39 full papers presented together with 12 short papers and 5 keynotes were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 115 submissions. The OTM program covers subjects as follows: process designing and modeling, process enactment, monitoring and quality assessment, managing similarity, software services, improving alignment, collaboration systems and applications, ontology querying methodologies and paradigms, ontology support for web, XML, and RDF data processing and retrieval, knowledge bases querying and retrieval, social network and collaborative methodologies, ontology-assisted event and stream processing, ontology-assisted warehousing approaches, ontology-based data representation, and management in emerging domains.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th Australasian Conference on Data Mining, AusDM 2019, held in Adelaide, SA, Australia, in December 2019.The 20 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 56 submissions. The papers are organized in sections on research track, application track, and industry showcase.

This brief presents four practical methods to effectively explore causal relationships, which are often used for explanation, prediction and decision making in medicine, epidemiology, biology, economics, physics and social sciences. The first two methods apply conditional independence tests for causal discovery. The last two methods employ association rule mining for efficient causal hypothesis generation, and a partial association test and retrospective cohort study for validating the hypotheses. All four methods are innovative and effective in identifying potential causal relationships around a given target, and each has its own strength and weakness. For each method, a software tool is provided along with examples demonstrating its use. Practical Approaches to Causal Relationship Exploration is designed for researchers and practitioners working in the areas of artificial intelligence, machine learning, data mining, and biomedical research. The material also benefits advanced students interested in causal relationship discovery.

Just like traditional AI applications, game AI mainly focuses on rational inference. But in the real world, human decision making is not only involving rationality, but also sense. In this book, we propose an architecture for the bot designers to include affective computing in a game bot by attributing emotions to the bot. The architecture is based upon a variety of theories, including the famous OCC model. It treats Joy, Fear, Anger, Disgust, and Distress as five basic emotions. It uses three emotional variables, namely, Desirability of an event, Blameworthiness or Praiseworthiness of an action, and Appealingness of an object, to evaluate how a specific emotion is affected by the environment. In addition to an ordinary Rational Action Engine, which controls the rational behavior of a bot, we add an Emotional Action Engine in the architecture to make the emotional behavior possible. An Action Arbitrator is equipped to decide, given a specific time and space, whether a bot should follow the rational or emotional inference. The arbitrator simulates how humans solve the conflicts between reason and emotion.

Fresh out of journalism school, Chinese-American writer Jen Lin-Liu moves to China to learn about the country her grandparents fled half a century before. In the booming coastal cities and remote inland villages, she discovers a passion for China's rich cuisine and embarks on a culinary journey to reconnect with her roots.

Lin-Liu gives a memorable and mouthwatering cook's tour of today's China as she progresses from entry-level lessons in an unheated local cooking school (with nary a measuring cup in sight) to a noodle-stall and dumpling-house apprentice, to an internship at a chic Shanghai restaurant. Along the way, she meets young men and women streaming in from the countryside in search of a "rice bowl" (living wage), a burgeoning middle class hungry for luxury, and mentors who introduce her to Chinese life within and beyond the kitchen. "Serve the People "presents an unforgettable slice of contemporary China in the full swing of social and economic transformation, and the story of a young woman finding an unexpected path home.