This book provides a description of the change processes that occur in psychotherapy when it is viewed from a personal construct perspective. This perspective assumes both therapist and client to be active construers, making sense of themselves and one another. The ideas about people in general, which are basic to the constructivist approach, are introduced and followed by those which are specifically about psychotherapy. The construing of therapists and clients about themselves and psychotherapy is explored. Then the central role of reconstruing is considered. The reconstructive process is dealt with in some depth, including the goals of personal construct therapy, the process of reconstruing and the sharing of it between therapist and client. The main strategies of individual and group personal construct therapy are described, together with the self-monitoring that is involved in becoming an effective therapist using these ideas.

The psychological states of patients with diabetes mellitus were compared with those of patients suffering from other chronic diseases and people with no diagnosed chronic diseases. These states were assessed by applying content analysis scales to transcripts of their descriptions of their current experiences. Analyses of the diabetics' scale scores re vealed a pattern characterized by much anxiety, depression, anger expressed both direct ly and indirectly, together with feelings of helplessness. The sources of anxiety which proved to be of most importance to them were fears of death and bodily mutilation, as weIl as guilt and shame. They experienced little sense of sharing with most people around them, although they showed considerable enjoyment of dose relationships with family and friends. This pattern of psychological states did not vary with the sex of the patients or whether they were interviewed in a hospital or at horne nor with recency of onset or multiplicity of health problems. It was similar to the pattern of patients with other chronic diseases but differed significantly from that of the healthy group. Acknowledgment The authors wish to acknowledge the contribution ofCarol Preston to the collection and analysis of these data which were made available, inpart, by patients of the Wollongong Hospital and members of the Illawarra Branch of the Diabetic Association of N ew South Wales. References 1. Strong JA, Baird JD (1971) Diseases ofthe endocrine system. In: Davidson S, McLeod J (eds) The principles and practice of medicine."