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The terrorist use of diseases as bioweapons has been one of the
major security concerns in recent years, particularly after the
anthrax letter attacks in the USA in 2001. This uncertain threat of
intentional outbreaks of diseases exists side by side with the
constantly changing very real threat from diseases, epidemics and
pandemics as recently illustrated by the H1N1 influenza pandemic,
SARS, and H5N1 bird influenza events. This publication contains
case studies on the public health planning for (un)usual disease
outbreaks for 11 large and small countries with a focus on South
Eastern Europe. In many countries, military entities traditionally
play an important role in emergency response to disease outbreaks.
In smaller countries, very little exists, however, in terms of
specific biopreparedness efforts (in both the military and civilian
area), which is at least partly due to a relatively low
bioterrorism threat perception, and serious resource constraints.
The uncertainty associated with the bioterrorism threat makes
public health preparedness planning for such events politically and
financially very difficult. The similarity of responding to
bioterrorism events and natural disease outbreaks from a public
health point of view suggests the merit of looking at
biopreparedness as a part of overall health emergency planning, not
as a separate effort.
The terrorist use of diseases as bioweapons has been one of the
major security concerns in recent years, particularly after the
anthrax letter attacks in the USA in 2001. This uncertain threat of
intentional outbreaks of diseases exists side by side with the
constantly changing very real threat from diseases, epidemics and
pandemics as recently illustrated by the H1N1 influenza pandemic,
SARS, and H5N1 bird influenza events. This publication contains
case studies on the public health planning for (un)usual disease
outbreaks for 11 large and small countries with a focus on South
Eastern Europe. In many countries, military entities traditionally
play an important role in emergency response to disease outbreaks.
In smaller countries, very little exists, however, in terms of
specific biopreparedness efforts (in both the military and civilian
area), which is at least partly due to a relatively low
bioterrorism threat perception, and serious resource constraints.
The uncertainty associated with the bioterrorism threat makes
public health preparedness planning for such events politically and
financially very difficult. The similarity of responding to
bioterrorism events and natural disease outbreaks from a public
health point of view suggests the merit of looking at
biopreparedness as a part of overall health emergency planning, not
as a separate effort.
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