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Intersectionality, the attempt to bring theories on race, gender,
disability, and sexuality together, has existed for over a decade
as a theoretical framework. The essays in this volume explore how
intersectionality can be applied to modern philosophy, as well as
looking at other disciplines.
Intersectionality, the attempt to bring theories on race, gender,
disability and sexuality together, has existed for decades as a
theoretical framework. The essays in this volume explore how
intersectionality can be applied to modern philosophy, as well as
looking at other disciplines.
The deep sea takes up almost 70 percent of Earth's surface and more
than 97 percent, by volume, of the part of the planet available to
living things. And yet, it was only in the 20th century that humans
developed the technology to venture more than a few hundred feet
down into this daunting world. In fact, today's deepwater marine
science owes much of its existence to the U.S. Navy's ability to
detect enemy submarines by sound during World War II. ""Modern
Marine Science"" profiles 12 men and women who led the way into the
oceans' deepest waters through research and new technologies. From
Charles Darwin to Henry Stommel to Robert Ballard, this volume
explores the lives and accomplishments of these scientific
revolutionaries.
Meet 12 men and women whose research and work in new technologies
brought about a revolution in the understanding of time and space
during the 20th century. From Edwin Hubble to George Gamow to
Geoffrey Marcy, ""Modern Astronomy"" illuminates the lives and
achievements of these innovative scientists. Readers will gain a
clear understanding of the common threads that intertwine the
astronomers' lives; the political, economic, and social events of
their times; people with whom they worked; and the developments
that preceded their research. In-text sidebars highlight each
subject's work. Chapter chronologies offer suggestions for further
reading. The general bibliography includes listings of
organizations and Web resources.
From viruses to humans, each organism on earth is made up of genes
that provide a blueprint to how that organism functions. As
technology and science have progressed, so too have the depth and
extent of biotechnology and genetic engineering. The use of
biotechnology and genetic engineering has implications on all
aspects of life - from the foods people eat to the way diseases are
treated. As scientists and researchers discover more about this
emerging field, moral concerns become a heated topic for people who
question just how far this technology should reach.""Biotechnology
and Genetic Engineering, Third Edition"" provides an overview of
the history of this topic and the opinions surrounding it, ranging
from the study of fermentation by French chemist Louis Pasteur in
the 1850s to the nascent field of synthetic biology. Contemporary
case studies such as United States v. Kincade provide multiple
perspectives and decisions surrounding this issue while also
plotting a course for future debate. A comprehensive and up-to-date
overview essay, capsule biographies, a large annotated
bibliography, a chronology of significant events, organization and
agency listings, and a glossary also provide invaluable information
for students, teachers, librarians, scientists, medical personnel,
and general readers to explore the controversy surrounding
biotechnology and genetic engineering.Coverage includes: whether or
not genetically modified food impacts the environment and health;
how biotechnology has transformed the pharmaceutical industry; the
legal implications of genetic testing; and, more.
The treatment of animals has become a controversial issue over the
years, with many questioning an animal's fundamental rights. For
some, the issue of animal rights is merely an attempt to improve
conditions of animals used for clothing, food, and other products,
while others believe animals should be granted the same legal
rights afforded to humans.""Animal Rights, Revised Edition""
provides an overview of the history of the animal rights movement
and reactions to it, as well as the issues of animal
experimentation, conditions on factory farms, laboratory animals,
animals in entertainment, hunting, and the actions of those
involved in the animal rights debate. New content includes such
documents as the Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act of 2006 and
contemporary court cases such as Animal Legal Defense Fund v.
Glickman I. These documents provide both past and present
perspectives on the issue and plot a course for future debate about
animal rights. A comprehensive and up-to-date overview essay,
capsule biographies, a large annotated bibliography, a chronology
of significant events, organization and agency listings, and a
glossary all combine to make this an ideal first-stop reference to
animal rights.
Virtually every aspect of the energy situation is hotly debated.
Will competition for energy cause new wars or economic collapses?
What form and degree of regulation can best provide energy for
everyone at fair prices? How can the environmental effects of
supplying and using energy be controlled? ""Energy Supply""
discusses these questions and more in a highly effective format.
Whether praised, criticized, or dismissed, the quest for better
treatment of animals - even perhaps extending to granting them some
form of legal rights - has already made significant changes in
Western society and law, and it may well make more profound ones in
the decades to come. Most states and countries have laws against
cruelty to animals, though the penalties for breaking these laws
are often slight and the types of animals covered are limited.
Wildlife species are protected if they are in danger of extinction.
Regulations, not always carrying the force of law, place some
limits on the treatment of animals in laboratories and on farms.
For the most part, however, animals are legally regarded as
property that their owners can use however they wish. Dealing with
a contentious topic that animal rightist attorney Gary Francione
has hailed as ""the civil rights movement of the 21st century,""
Animal Rights examines all sides of the debate regarding animal
welfare in contemporary American society. Providing a broad
overview to the topic, this invaluable reference resource helps
students, teachers, librarians, journalists, and others involved in
animal rights issues define, understand, and research this topic.
In the 42 years that Edward Pickering directed the Harvard College
Observatory, he and his team of women "computers" made strides in
promoting the new field of astrophotography, discovered the first
spectroscopic binary star system, and cataloged more than 225,000
stars. Pickering hired women such as Henrietta Leavitt, who found a
way to measure the distances to faraway stars, and Cecilia
Payne-Gaposchkin, whose later work became the foundation for
astrophysics, to process astronomical data gathered at the
observatory. The advances these women made under Pickering's
direction broadened the window of professional opportunity for
women as well as our greater understanding of the universe. This
new title highlights the lives of Pickering and his women
"computers."
As a boy growing up on California's coast, Robert Ballard was
fascinated by marine geology and life underwater. While working for
the U.S. Navy, he built his expertise in the new technology of
submersibles, which served him well in later expeditions. In the
1970s, Ballard took part in several key discoveries in marine
science, including direct proof of the theory of plate tectonics
and the first sightings of hot water vents and colonies of unique
organisms that surround them on the deep-sea floor. But Ballard's
most famous expedition found the remains of a famed luxury
liner--the RMS Titanic--in 1985. In the years that followed the
Titanic discovery, his expeditions sought shipwrecks from both
world wars. This absorbing new title shares the life and work of
Robert Ballard as he combs the deep for the answers to science's
secrets.
Since the dawn of time, people have noticed that members of
families tend to look alike, having similar hair or eye color, for
instance. Similarly, ancient farmers and herders realized that if
they mated, or bred, plants or animals with desirable traits (such
as the ability to grow quickly or resist disease), they had a
better than average chance of obtaining offspring with those
traits. Still, the actual science of genetics and genetic
engineering is only about 100 years old. Many genetic engineers and
biologists have contributed to new understandings of heredity and
the ways genes can be manipulated to stimulate certain
characteristics in living things. ""Modern Genetics"" profiles 14
men and women who were among the leaders in making important
genetic discoveries in research and new technologies. Profiles
include James Watson, Francis Crick, Herbert Boyer, Stanley N.
Cohen, Michael Bishop, and Harold Varmus.
From ancient times to the present day, scientifically inclined
women in many cultures have had to battle against the traditional
belief that men are more cognitively adept than women. At times
throughout history, women were persecuted for their attempts to
break down traditional gender barriers. Today, women scientists and
mathematicians must continue to defend the quality of their work
and demand the respect they deserve in the mathematical and
scientific communities.""A to Z of Women in Science and Math,
Revised Edition"" profiles 195 women who fought against these
stereotypes throughout history and all over the world to forge new
discoveries and theories that would eventually change the way we
view science. This thoroughly revised book updates the story of
each individual to the present day and features 38 new profiles.
Among the profiles included are those of chemists, astronomers,
geologists, environmental scientists, and a range of other
professions and careers. In addition, new photographs have been
added, and the bibliography has been updated. Subject indexes allow
the reader to search by such professions as ""microbiology"" and
""paleontology."" Additional subject indexes organize individuals
by country of birth, country of major scientific activity, and year
of birth.
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