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This book focuses on the woven arch bridge, an arch-shaped
structure that is one of the most extraordinary timber building
traditions of the world. The woven arch bridge exists widely in
different cultures and its specific nature is conceptualized by the
author as a kind of "universal uniqueness," challenging widespread
viewpoints on its origin and genealogy. Taking this argument as its
main thread, the book traces the histories of different
woven-arch-bridge-cultures and investigates in particular the woven
arch bridge in the mountains of Southeast of China from three
angles, using both archaeological and anthropological methods.
Resting upon these case studies, a definition of typology and a new
theory of structural evolution are established, while the book also
draws comparisons between western and eastern timber building
cultures and offers new insights on the differences between East
Asia and Europe. The book also provides a large number of examples
and illustrations of the bridge, and will be of great value and
inspiration for architects and scholars studying the history of
architecture, bridges, and construction, while also appealing to
general readers interested in historical bridges and traditional
construction technology.
This book focuses on the woven arch bridge, an arch-shaped
structure that is one of the most extraordinary timber building
traditions of the world. The woven arch bridge exists widely in
different cultures and its specific nature is conceptualized by the
author as a kind of "universal uniqueness," challenging widespread
viewpoints on its origin and genealogy. Taking this argument as its
main thread, the book traces the histories of different
woven-arch-bridge-cultures and investigates in particular the woven
arch bridge in the mountains of Southeast of China from three
angles, using both archaeological and anthropological methods.
Resting upon these case studies, a definition of typology and a new
theory of structural evolution are established, while the book also
draws comparisons between western and eastern timber building
cultures and offers new insights on the differences between East
Asia and Europe. The book also provides a large number of examples
and illustrations of the bridge, and will be of great value and
inspiration for architects and scholars studying the history of
architecture, bridges, and construction, while also appealing to
general readers interested in historical bridges and traditional
construction technology.
* proposes robust time-varying formation control method * discusses
multiple uncertainties involving parameter uncertainties,
nonlinearities, coupled dynamics, and external disturbances *
provides experimental and simulation results are given. * discusses
the influence of communication delay and actuator fault
This book summarizes the recent advancements for drug delivery
systems (DDS) in terms of fundamental principles, rapidly emerging
techniques and developing frontiers of molecular imprinting.
Especially with the combination of enantioselective molecularly
imprinted polymers and water compatible molecularly imprinted
polymers, stimuli responsive imprinted DDS have been innovated and
applied to dermal delivery, ophthalmic drugs and cancer treatment.
This philosophy comprehensively revolutionizes the treatment
strategy of human healthcare and provides the possibility to
re-trigger in vivo an exhaust system after the complete release of
the starting drug cargo, thus enabling precision medicine. To this
end, the following unique features will be discussed and concluded:
1) State-of-the-art definition of MIP as drug delivery systems. 2)
Advanced techniques and clinical applications of MIP as drug
delivery systems in the past decade. 3) Novel frontiers and
brand-new technologies, for example, drug delivery devices for
zero-order sustained release and stimuli responsive imprinted DDS.
4) Revolutionary impact on dermal delivery, ophthalmic drugs and
cancer treatment. 5) Future challenges and perspectives
This book summarizes the recent advancements for drug delivery
systems (DDS) in terms of fundamental principles, rapidly emerging
techniques and developing frontiers of molecular imprinting.
Especially with the combination of enantioselective molecularly
imprinted polymers and water compatible molecularly imprinted
polymers, stimuli responsive imprinted DDS have been innovated and
applied to dermal delivery, ophthalmic drugs and cancer treatment.
This philosophy comprehensively revolutionizes the treatment
strategy of human healthcare and provides the possibility to
re-trigger in vivo an exhaust system after the complete release of
the starting drug cargo, thus enabling precision medicine. To this
end, the following unique features will be discussed and concluded:
1) State-of-the-art definition of MIP as drug delivery systems. 2)
Advanced techniques and clinical applications of MIP as drug
delivery systems in the past decade. 3) Novel frontiers and
brand-new technologies, for example, drug delivery devices for
zero-order sustained release and stimuli responsive imprinted DDS.
4) Revolutionary impact on dermal delivery, ophthalmic drugs and
cancer treatment. 5) Future challenges and perspectives
This book systematically introduces the key technologies for
differentiated resourceful utilization of rural organic wastes
based on high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation and bio-augmented
composting, and discusses differentiating sources of organic
wastes, integrating recycling technologies, developing key
equipment, and researching management mechanisms. In addition, it
describes the development of viable techniques and low-pollution,
low-cost, and low-maintenance equipment. It also includes the
technical specifications for the differentiated resourceful
utilization of rural organic wastes and presents the
energy-fertilizer integrated resourceful utilization method for
rural organic wastes. Providing technological insights into
improving the resourceful utilization level of rural organic
wastes, this book is a valuable reference resource for
administrative staff, researchers in the field of environmental
protection, and technicians in enterprises involved in the
treatment and disposal of solid wastes.
This book systematically introduces the key technologies for
differentiated resourceful utilization of rural organic wastes
based on high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation and bio-augmented
composting, and discusses differentiating sources of organic
wastes, integrating recycling technologies, developing key
equipment, and researching management mechanisms. In addition, it
describes the development of viable techniques and low-pollution,
low-cost, and low-maintenance equipment. It also includes the
technical specifications for the differentiated resourceful
utilization of rural organic wastes and presents the
energy-fertilizer integrated resourceful utilization method for
rural organic wastes. Providing technological insights into
improving the resourceful utilization level of rural organic
wastes, this book is a valuable reference resource for
administrative staff, researchers in the field of environmental
protection, and technicians in enterprises involved in the
treatment and disposal of solid wastes.
Cyber Physical Systems: Architectures, Protocols and Applications
helps you understand the basic principles and key supporting
standards of CPS. It analyzes different CPS applications from the
bottom up, extracting the common characters that form a vertical
structure. It presents mobile sensing platforms and their
applications toward interrelated paradigms, highlighting and
briefly discussing different types of mobile sensing platforms and
the functionalities they offer. It then looks at the naming,
addressing, and profile services of CPS and proposes a middleware
component to meet the requirements of dynamic applications and
sensors/actuators deployment/configurations across different
platforms. The middle chapters of the book present a context-aware
sensor search, selection, and ranking model which addresses the
challenge of efficiently selecting a subset of relevant sensors out
of a large set of sensors with similar functionality and
capabilities. The authors consider various topics in the energy
management of CPS and propose a novel energy-efficient framework.
They also present the fundamental networking technologies of CPS
and focus on machine-to-machine communications for CPS,
specifically the open technologies such as IPv6-based solutions
that can be integrated into IoT and enable wireless sensor
communications. In the book's final chapters, the authors bring you
up to date on mobile cloud computing (MCC) research activities that
enhance the capabilities of resource-constrained smart devices in
CPS sensory environments. They also present a few representative
CPS applications, including connected healthcare, gaming in public
transport crowds, and a series of MCC-enabled emerging CPS
applications. You will find that these application fields fully
demonstrate the great potential of applying CPS in public life.
This book provides an overview of the recent advances in
representation learning theory, algorithms, and applications for
natural language processing (NLP), ranging from word embeddings to
pre-trained language models. It is divided into four parts. Part I
presents the representation learning techniques for multiple
language entries, including words, sentences and documents, as well
as pre-training techniques. Part II then introduces the related
representation techniques to NLP, including graphs, cross-modal
entries, and robustness. Part III then introduces the
representation techniques for the knowledge that are closely
related to NLP, including entity-based world knowledge,
sememe-based linguistic knowledge, legal domain knowledge and
biomedical domain knowledge. Lastly, Part IV discusses the
remaining challenges and future research directions. The theories
and algorithms of representation learning presented can also
benefit other related domains such as machine learning, social
network analysis, semantic Web, information retrieval, data mining
and computational biology. This book is intended for advanced
undergraduate and graduate students, post-doctoral fellows,
researchers, lecturers, and industrial engineers, as well as anyone
interested in representation learning and natural language
processing. As compared to the first edition, the second edition
(1) provides a more detailed introduction to representation
learning in Chapter 1; (2) adds four new chapters to introduce
pre-trained language models, robust representation learning, legal
knowledge representation learning and biomedical knowledge
representation learning; (3) updates recent advances in
representation learning in all chapters; and (4) corrects some
errors in the first edition. The new contents will be approximately
50%+ compared to the first edition. This is an open access book.
This book provides an overview of the recent advances in
representation learning theory, algorithms, and applications for
natural language processing (NLP), ranging from word embeddings to
pre-trained language models. It is divided into four parts. Part I
presents the representation learning techniques for multiple
language entries, including words, sentences and documents, as well
as pre-training techniques. Part II then introduces the related
representation techniques to NLP, including graphs, cross-modal
entries, and robustness. Part III then introduces the
representation techniques for the knowledge that are closely
related to NLP, including entity-based world knowledge,
sememe-based linguistic knowledge, legal domain knowledge and
biomedical domain knowledge. Lastly, Part IV discusses the
remaining challenges and future research directions. The theories
and algorithms of representation learning presented can also
benefit other related domains such as machine learning, social
network analysis, semantic Web, information retrieval, data mining
and computational biology. This book is intended for advanced
undergraduate and graduate students, post-doctoral fellows,
researchers, lecturers, and industrial engineers, as well as anyone
interested in representation learning and natural language
processing. As compared to the first edition, the second edition
(1) provides a more detailed introduction to representation
learning in Chapter 1; (2) adds four new chapters to introduce
pre-trained language models, robust representation learning, legal
knowledge representation learning and biomedical knowledge
representation learning; (3) updates recent advances in
representation learning in all chapters; and (4) corrects some
errors in the first edition. The new contents will be approximately
50%+ compared to the first edition. This is an open access book.
This volume builds upon the 2019 International Bamboo Construction
Competition (IBCC 2019) from the Concepts to the Realized
Pavilions. Several designed projects are described, and particular
attention is devoted to the realized prototypes. It also presents
the Bamboo Eye, an important example of architecture realized by
INBAR for the 2019 Beijing Horticultural Expo. As such, the volume
provides an overview of the use of bamboo poles and engineered
bamboo products for temporary and normal constructions, and
represents a compact review of the applications of bamboo poles
and/or engineered bamboo products in the construction industry.
This book will be of interest for researchers, architects and
structural engineers in field of bamboo constructions.
This open access book provides an overview of the recent advances
in representation learning theory, algorithms and applications for
natural language processing (NLP). It is divided into three parts.
Part I presents the representation learning techniques for multiple
language entries, including words, phrases, sentences and
documents. Part II then introduces the representation techniques
for those objects that are closely related to NLP, including
entity-based world knowledge, sememe-based linguistic knowledge,
networks, and cross-modal entries. Lastly, Part III provides open
resource tools for representation learning techniques, and
discusses the remaining challenges and future research directions.
The theories and algorithms of representation learning presented
can also benefit other related domains such as machine learning,
social network analysis, semantic Web, information retrieval, data
mining and computational biology. This book is intended for
advanced undergraduate and graduate students, post-doctoral
fellows, researchers, lecturers, and industrial engineers, as well
as anyone interested in representation learning and natural
language processing.
Encounters Audio CD-ROM accompanies the lessons in the
bestselling textbooks Encounters I and II: A Cognitive Approach to
Advanced Chinese. Chapters include sections on vocabulary; texts,
stories, and dialogues; grammar; listening comprehension; and
songs. The MP3 format makes this a convenient tool for
individualized study alongside the texts.
Challenges Facing Chinese Political Development is a topical
examination of some of the most recent developments in Chinese
politics. Featuring a roster of international scholars, the book
comprosises an assortment of essays focusing on a particular
dimension or specific issue of political culture, political
economy, foreign policy, environmental and social challenges. The
editors, Sujian Guo and Baogang Guo, have divided the essays into
five pairs: Political Legitimacy, Political Economy, External
Challenges, Environmental Challenges, and Social Challenges. Each
of these dimensions serves as a window through which the reader can
glimpse various challenges in Chinese political development in the
new century.Challenges Facing Chinese Political Development is
suitable for all levels of students and researchers of Chinese
Politics.
Challenges Facing Chinese Political Development is a topical
examination of some of the most recent developments in Chinese
politics. Featuring a roster of international scholars, the book
comprosises an assortment of essays focusing on a particular
dimension or specific issue of political culture, political
economy, foreign policy, environmental and social challenges. The
editors, Sujian Guo and Baogang Guo, have divided the essays into
five pairs: Political Legitimacy, Political Economy, External
Challenges, Environmental Challenges, and Social Challenges. Each
of these dimensions serves as a window through which the reader can
glimpse various challenges in Chinese political development in the
new century.Challenges Facing Chinese Political Development is
suitable for all levels of students and researchers of Chinese
Politics.
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