This volume presents the foundations of carbon nanotube science, reviewing recent developments and prospects for practical application. Each chapter summarizes relevant concepts from physics, chemistry or materials science, followed by detailed reports on topics including polymorphism and mircostructure of carbon; synthesis and growth; structural analysis by electron microscopy; spectroscopic methods; electronic structure; transport; mechanical and surface properties of nanotubes and composites.

Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had an undeniable impact on cybercrime. The initial crisis quickly became a global catastrophe with multiple consequences in economics, health, and political and social fields. This book explores how this global emergency has influenced cybercrime. Indeed, since feeding off new vulnerabilities, thanks to the effects of the pandemic crisis in various states around the world, cybercrime has increased and evolved. In 2020, the world was already dealing with numerous tensions and the effects of the global crisis have therefore only tended to exacerbate the issues that relate to cybercrime. For example, radicalization and identity theft has found an environment in which they thrive: the Internet. Criminals have been able to adapt their modus operandi, their targets and their attack vectors. However, on the plus side, the response of law enforcement and public authorities, in terms of the legal, policing and policy side of cybercrime, has also been adapted in order to better combat the increase in this phenomenon.

The humanities and social sciences are interested in the cybersecurity object since its emergence in the security debates, at the beginning of the 2000s. This scientific production is thus still relatively young, but diversified, mobilizing at the same time political science, international relations, sociology, law, information science, security studies, surveillance studies, strategic studies, polemology. There is, however, no actual cybersecurity studies. After two decades of scientific production on this subject, we thought it essential to take stock of the research methods that could be mobilized, imagined and invented by the researchers. The research methodology on the subject "cybersecurity" has, paradoxically, been the subject of relatively few publications to date. This dimension is essential. It is the initial phase by which any researcher, seasoned or young doctoral student, must pass, to define his subject of study, delimit the contours, ask the research questions, and choose the methods of treatment. It is this methodological dimension that our book proposes to treat. The questions the authors were asked to answer were: how can cybersecurity be defined? What disciplines in the humanities and social sciences are studying, and how, cybersecurity? What is the place of pluralism or interdisciplinarity? How are the research topics chosen, the questions defined? How, concretely, to study cybersecurity: tools, methods, theories, organization of research, research fields, data ...? How are discipline-specific theories useful for understanding and studying cybersecurity? Has cybersecurity had an impact on scientific theories?

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence, ICAART 2015, held in Lisbon, Portugal, in January 2015.The 18 revised full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 187 submissions. The papers are organized in two topical sections on agents and on artificial intelligence and focus on multi-agent systems and software platforms; distributed problem solving and distributed AI in general; knowledge representation; planning; learning; scheduling; perception; reactive AI systems; and evolutionary computing.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence, ICAART 2014, held in Angers, France, in March 2014. The 21 revised full papers presented together with one invited paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 225 submissions. The papers are organized in two topical sections on agents and on artificial intelligence.

This volume presents the foundations of carbon nanotube science, reviewing recent developments and prospects for practical application. Each chapter summarizes relevant concepts from physics, chemistry or materials science, followed by detailed reports on topics including polymorphism and mircostructure of carbon; synthesis and growth; structural analysis by electron microscopy; spectroscopic methods; electronic structure; transport; mechanical and surface properties of nanotubes and composites.

This collection of essays explores malign Russian influence operations that aimed to advance Moscow's strategic and tactical objectives in European countries as well as particular African states. These operations were conducted in the framework of Russia's anti-Western political warfare and involved attempts to exploit divisive social issues, sow confusion and fear, encourage dissention and polarisation, undermine democratic institutions, and corrupt political forces.

An expansive history of Jerusalem as a cultural crossroads, and a fresh look at the urban development of one of the world's most mythologized cities. Jerusalem is often seen as an eternal battlefield in the "clash of civilizations" and in endless, inevitable wars of religion. But if we abandon this limiting image when reviewing the entirety of its concrete urban history-from its beginnings to today-we discover a global city at the world's crossroads. Jerusalem is the common cradle of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, whose long and intertwined pasts include as much exchange and reciprocal influence as conflict and confrontation. This synthetic account is the first to make available to the general public Jerusalem's whole history, informed by the latest archaeological finds, unexplored archives, and ongoing research and offering a completely renewed understanding of the city's past and geography. This book is an indispensable guide to understanding why the world converges on Jerusalem.

This book portrays the life of Martin Van Buren, an active architect of the Democratic Party and eighth president of the American republic, who still remains in the public mind as an obscure, if not forgotten, figure of our history. It depicts his rise to legal then political prominence. Van Buren's long-winding road to the White House was marked by the creation of his "Albany Regency", a well-disciplined political machine that he effectively managed through the so-called spoils system and adroitly used to his own political advantage. Blessed with sound political acumen but despised for his constant political manoeuvring, he was known as "the Little Magician" by his friends and enemies alike, with different motives. As president, Van Buren was beset with the Panic of 1837, a strong economic recession resulting mostly from his predecessor's wrong choices, but for which he paid a strong political price. This book details his life and career.

These transactions publish research in computer-based methods of computational collective intelligence (CCI) and their applications in a wide range of fields such as the semantic Web, social networks, and multi-agent systems. TCCI strives to cover new methodological, theoretical and practical aspects of CCI understood as the form of intelligence that emerges from the collaboration and competition of many individuals (artificial and/or natural). The application of multiple computational intelligence technologies, such as fuzzy systems, evolutionary computation, neural systems, consensus theory, etc., aims to support human and other collective intelligence and to create new forms of CCI in natural and/or artificial systems. This twentieth issue contains 11 carefully selected and revised contributions.

Time delays are present in many physical processes due to the period of time it takes for the events to occur. Delays are particularly more pronounced in networks of interconnected systems, such as supply chains and systems controlled over c- munication networks. In these control problems, taking the delays into account is particularly important for performance evaluation and control system's design. It has been shown, indeed, that delays in a controlled system (for instance, a c- munication delay for data acquisition) may have an "ambiguous" nature: they may stabilize the system, or, in the contrary, they may lead to deteriorationof the clos- loop performance or even instability, depending on the delay value and the system parameters. It is a fact that delays have stabilizing effects, but this is clearly con i- ing for human intuition. Therefore, speci c analysis techniquesand design methods are to be developed to satisfactorily take into account the presence of delays at the design stage of the control system. The research on time delay systems stretches back to 1960s and it has been very active during the last twenty years. During this period, the results have been presented at the main control conferences(CDC, ACC, IFAC), in specialized wo- shops (IFAC TDS series), and published in the leading journals of control engine- ing, systems and control theory, applied and numerical mathematics.

This book provides an update of the latest research in control of time delay systems and applications by world leading experts. It will appeal to engineers, researchers and students in Control.

The public perception of the First Lady has evolved through the years and the press and scholars are beginning to take note of the essential role presidents' wives have played in the Administration and in the nation as a whole. Their participation in the country's historical, philosophical and sociological experience has made them "First Women" and "First Partners". The twentieth century in particular has seen the construction of their image in the media and highlighted the evolution of their political role at the heart of presidential power. This book explores the ambiguity that underlies Nancy Reagan's multiple facets as both an individual and the first lady. It also sheds light on the particularities of one of the most controversial yet exceptional women of the twentieth century and provides a deeper insight into the complex role of the (first) lady they called "the woman behind the man".

The public perception of the First Lady has evolved through the years and the press and scholars are beginning to take note of the essential role presidents' wives have played in the Administration and in the nation as a whole. Their participation in the country's historical, philosophical and sociological experience has made them 'First Women' and 'First Partners'. They have been identified as standard bearers of the whole female community, as they have both pioneered and reflected women's role in American society. The twentieth century in particular has seen the construction of their image in the media and highlighted the evolution of their political role at the heart of presidential power. Has Nancy Reagan been underrated, misunderstood, unfairly criticised? Have her qualities (clear-sightedness, rigor, moral rectitude, empathy, her positive image abroad, etc.) been too often ignored? To what extent has she expanded or limited the undefined institution of the First Lady? The book seeks to explore the ambiguity that underlies this First Lady's multiple facets. It intends to shed light on the particularities of one of the most controversial yet exceptional women of the twentieth century and get a deeper insight into the complex role of the (first) lady they called "the woman behind the man".