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Embracing the Past, Designing the Future provides an historical
overview of Brazilian authoritarianism and social/economic
development during the political era (193045) of Getulio Vargas as
viewed and understood by Oliveira Viana and Azevedo Amaral, two of
the principal intellectuals and ideologues of the regime at the
time. Oliveira Vianna was one of the main authors of the
corporatist labour legislation and Azevedo Amaral remained an
important publicist who was associated with the regimes propaganda
apparatus. the heart of the discussion is the legitimacy of
authoritarian modernisation. Brazils contemporary uncertainty has
deep parallels with the earlier period: unruly and un-democratic
political debate coupled with economic stagnation. It was during
the Vargas era that the power bases and fundamental principals of
the construction of modern Brazil were defined in terms of its
political administration and its economy and industry. These
features may still be perceived in the country today, albeit
claimed or rejected by political leaders such as Luiz Inacio Lula
da Silva and Fernando Henrique Cardoso. Linkage between
authoritarianism and the economic development of Brazil is strong,
whether viewed through the lenses of history, sociology or
political science. Both periods of exceptional national economic
and social growth were associated exactly to its two governmental
authoritarian periods in the twentieth century the Vargas era and
the military dictatorship (196485). This volume addresses a complex
of ideological difficulties that go to the heart of what the
Brazilian nation stands for: its racial construction; its colonial
heritage; the fractured nature of the relationship between society
and state; the role of corporatism, and its sometime political
rejection; and the dangers of political personalisation, to the
detriment of the nation.
The third of October 2020 marked the 90th anniversary of the
Brazilian Revolution of 1930. Although this event is recognized in
Brazilian historiography as an important landmark in the
construction of contemporary Brazil, debate, discourse and indeed
publications commemorating the event have been much less numerous
and profound than would be expected. Comparisons have been made
with what took place in 1980, the year of the revolutions fiftieth
anniversary, where meaningful historical judgements were made
across a wide spectrum of society and the political establishment.
It is pertinent to ask why there is no longer the appetite for
substantive discussion on the Vargas period. Perhaps it is due to
the new political climate in Brazil in the last decade, especially
with regard to various projects aimed at labour and trade union
reform, the main legacies of the revolutionary period which today
are considered by many as obstacles to the modernization of the
labour market and the countrys economic development. Given the
economic imperatives and aims of the 1930 Revolution, a
re-evaluation of the Vargas Period will assist in better
understanding the contemporary economic issues that face Brazil
today. The exercise is neither one of nostalgia or exaltation of
this past period, but rather to offer a (positive and negative)
overview of Vargas legacy and the vast historiography that
surrounds it. Scholars, politicians, business and the Brazilian
workforce need to learn from past economic choices in order to
better understand the challenges that contemporary Brazil faces.
Recently proposed reforms have strong overtones to the
revolutionary agenda of the 1930s, namely the forging of a New
Brazil and the necessity of avoiding political schism. This book
examines the political, economic, labour, cultural, military, and
gender ramifications that will guide debate.
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