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Despite a gradual and sustained decline in the contribution of
agriculture to the economies of the member countries of the
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the
sector remains socially and politically important. Although
agriculture accounts for less than 2% of the gross domestic product
of the OECD countries, it occupies over 35% of their total land
area. Predominantly rural regions, where agriculture remains
particularly important, contain almost one quarter of the
population of OECD countries. The past quarter century has
witnessed signi?cant changes in agricultural po- cies in OECD
countries. Although total support remains high, a shift has taken
place from price-linked measures to direct income support, most
notably in the European Union. Policies have been adapted to meet
pressing social concerns, such as ens- ing food security and
improving environmental quality. OECD countries face major economic
issues due to the ageing of their populations and the need to adapt
to gl- alization and increasing competition from emerging
economies. Continued pressure to reform agricultural policies will
be exerted by the need to economize on the use of scarce public
resources. At the same time, agriculture faces new challenges g-
erated by climate change, the "greening" of the economy, increasing
scarcity of energy and water, and the demands placed on the food
system by an expanding world population.
Despite a gradual and sustained decline in the contribution of
agriculture to the economies of the member countries of the
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the
sector remains socially and politically important. Although
agriculture accounts for less than 2% of the gross domestic product
of the OECD countries, it occupies over 35% of their total land
area. Predominantly rural regions, where agriculture remains
particularly important, contain almost one quarter of the
population of OECD countries. The past quarter century has
witnessed signi?cant changes in agricultural po- cies in OECD
countries. Although total support remains high, a shift has taken
place from price-linked measures to direct income support, most
notably in the European Union. Policies have been adapted to meet
pressing social concerns, such as ens- ing food security and
improving environmental quality. OECD countries face major economic
issues due to the ageing of their populations and the need to adapt
to gl- alization and increasing competition from emerging
economies. Continued pressure to reform agricultural policies will
be exerted by the need to economize on the use of scarce public
resources. At the same time, agriculture faces new challenges g-
erated by climate change, the "greening" of the economy, increasing
scarcity of energy and water, and the demands placed on the food
system by an expanding world population.
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