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The Nordic Africa Institute, the Dag Hammarskj ld Foundation and
the Norwegian Institute for International Affairs hosted a seminar
in Uppsala, Sweden, on 15 and 16 December 2011, that brought
together AU, EU and UN officials closely involved in peace
operations in Africa. The seminar's purpose was to allow
participants to compare their experiences of the different support
models that have been used to date in Sudan and Somalia.
International support for African peace operations provides
opportunities but also poses challenges. This report examines four
of these challenges in some detail: the AU Commission's limited
capacity to plan and manage peace operations; insufficient
political engagement by African member states with AU peace
operations; the short-termism and self-interest of some of the AU's
partners; and the need for UN Security Council permanent members to
value and ensure a shared AU-UN strategic vision. The report also
includes policy recommendations for resolving these challenges.
The current resurgence of religion confronts Westphalian
International Relations with a fundamental challenge. The rise of a
variety of religious fundamentalisms on a worldwide scale brings
back to centre stage the question of the righful role religion
should play in world politics. In 'Religion and International
Politics', Ludwig Gelot demonstrates that the transnational and
religious dimensions of the phenomena call for the develpoment of a
new analytical framework and interpretive categories. As a matter
of fact, the secularist, materialist, and positivist assumptions at
the heart of modern international relations are inadequate for the
proper understanding of fundamentalism. Likewise, Samuel
Huntington's thesis of the Clash of Civilizations is found to be
wanting. The author concludes that the most challenging dimension
of the return of religion is its questioning of the West's reliance
on reason as the sole source of knowledge and authority.
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