This book presents revised and extended versions of lectures given at an international summer school on applied semantics that took place in Caminha, Portugal in September.The nine lectures included present recent developments in programming language research in a coherent and systematic way. Among the topics addressed are - description of existing programming languages features - design of new programming languages features - implementation and analysis of programming languages - transformation and generation of programs - verification of programs.

This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the Third EAI International Conference on Data and Information in Online Environments, DIONE 2022, held as virtual event, in July 28-29, 2022. Due to COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held virtually. DIONE 2022 aims to bring together academicians and practitioners willing to discuss topics around the intersection of Computer Science, Information Science, and Communication Science. The attractiveness of the scope and topics has brought relevant research results. This proceeding consists of chapters covering deep learning, data management, software design, social networks, natural language processing, and data processing in various contexts like scholarly publishing, health and medicine, higher education, innovation and research, energy and transportation, and organizations. The 18 full papers and 2 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 56 submissions. The papers are grouped in thematic sessions as follows: Informational challenges for the study of Science, Technology and Society relationships; and Advances in Artificial Intelligence for data processing and analysis in online social environments.

Chemiluminescence is a fascinating and mesmerizing phenomenon, which consists on the generation of light as the result of a chemical reaction. This process has been gaining attention in the last decades, being now a standard tool in analytical, bioimaging, biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. This book provides a detailed overview of the basic mechanisms and principles of the most relevant chemiluminescent systems, as well as describing the most recent advances and applications. Written by experts, this is a reference text suitable both for researchers focused on chemiluminescence and for those wanting to start working on this field. In Chapter One, the progress and evolution of the chemiluminescent studies in imidazopyrazinone-based compounds are reviewed, with emphasis on their potential as diagnosis tools. Chapter Two addresses the spectral changes associated with firefly bioluminescence by focusing on the tautomeric equilibria of the light emitter. Chapter Three reviews, for the first time, the liquid-phase chemiluminescence of fullerene and derivatives. Chapter Four is devoted to studies of chemiluminescence with the participation of lanthanide ions. Chapter Five summarizes the mechanism behind the chemiluminescence of acridinium esters, while discussing their current applications. Chapter Six explains the potential of phenothiazine derivatives as enhancers in analytic chemiluminescent assays. Chapter Seven collects the available information of both well-known and lesser-known examples of squid bioluminescence. Chapter Eight discusses the enhancement of chemiluminescent emission by using metal-nanoparticles near a luminescent molecule, which is known as metal-enhanced chemiluminescence. In Chapter Nine it is explained how model molecules can make the study of complex bioluminescence reaction mechanisms accessible, as well as allowing for chemiluminescence on macroscopic molecular crystals. Chapter Ten describes experimental and computational approaches used for enhancing the thermostability of firefly luciferase. Chapter Eleven demonstrates the usefulness of theoretical studies for better understanding chemiluminescent reactions. Chapter Twelve describes the fundamental theoretical aspects of state-of-the-art multiconfigurational methods and shows illustrative examples of their application to the study of chemiluminescence. Finally, Chapter Thirteen discusses chemiluminescent experiments that are simple, inexpensive and can be performed by students.