This book presents, for the first time in English, the state of the art of Mathematics Education research in Brazil, a country that has the strongest community in this field in Latin America. Edited by leading researchers in the area, the volume provides the international academic community a summary of the scientific production of the thirteen working groups of the Brazilian Society of Mathematics Education (SBEM), the national scientific society that brings together researchers, teachers, students and other professionals of the area. These working groups meet every three years at the International Seminar of Mathematics Education (SIPEM) and cover the following topics: Mathematics Education in the Early Years and Primary Education (Y1-Y5); Mathematics Education in the Middle School (Y6-Y9); Mathematics Education in the High School (Y10-Y12); Mathematics Education at the University level; History of Mathematics, Culture and Mathematics Education; Digital Technologies and Distance Education; Teacher Education; Assessment and Mathematics Education; Cognitive and Linguistic Processes in Mathematics Education; Mathematical Modeling; Philosophy of Mathematics Education, Teaching Probability and Statistics; and Difference, Inclusion and Mathematics Education. Each chapter of the book presents an overview of the production of a working group and they are all preceded by an introduction by professor Ubiratan D'Ambrosio, one of the pioneers of Mathematics Education in Brazil.