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This book presents a case study on a new approach for the optimum
design of rooftop, grid-connected photovoltaic-system installation.
The study includes two scenarios using different brands of
commercially available PV modules and inverters. It investigates
and compares several different rooftop grid-connected PV-system
configurations taking into account PV modules and inverter
specifications. The book also discusses the detailed dynamic
MATLAB/Simulink model of the proposed rooftop grid-connected PV
system, and uses this model to estimate the energy production
capabilities, cost of energy (COE), simple payback time (SPBT) and
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for each configuration. The book
then presents a comprehensive small signal MATLAB/Simulink model
for the DC-DC converter operated under continuous conduction mode
(CCM). First, the buck converter is modeled using state-space
average model and dynamic equations, depicting the converter, are
derived. Then a detailed MATLAB/Simulink model utilizing
SimElectronics (R) Toolbox is developed. Lastly, the robustness of
the converter model is verified against input voltage variations
and step load changes.
One of the early set of reforms that South Africa embarked on after
emerging from apartheid was in the water sector, following a
remarkable, consultative process. The policy and legal reforms were
comprehensive and covered almost all aspects of water management
including revolutionary changes in defining and allocating rights
to water, radical reforms in water management and supply
institutions, the introduction of the protection of environmental
flows, and major shifts in charging for water use and in the
provision of free basic water. Over ten years of implementation of
these policy and legislative changes mean that valu-able lessons
have already been learned and useful experiences gained in the
challenge of effective water resources management and water
services provision in a middle income country.
Offering a cross-country examination and comparison of drought
awareness and experience, this book shows how scientists, water
managers, and policy makers approach drought and water scarcity in
arid and semi-arid regions of Spain, Mexico, Australia, South
Africa and the United States.
Leaving aside human and social capital for a future volume, the
book should be viewed as a crucial first step in developing
indicators for total wealth in the countries covered by the case
studies, which include Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Ethiopia,
Mozambique and South Africa. These case studies experiment with
implementing the SEAA in sub-Saharan nations known to suffer from
the 'resource curse': their wealth in resources and commodities has
allowed inflows of liquidity, yet this cash has not funded crucial
developments in infrastructure or education. What's more,
resource-driven economies are highly vulnerable to commodity price
mutability. The new measures of wealth deployed here offer more
hope for the future in these countries than they themselves would
once have allowed for.
Thermofluid Modeling for Sustainable Energy Applications provides a
collection of the most recent, cutting-edge developments in the
application of fluid mechanics modeling to energy systems and
energy efficient technology. Each chapter introduces relevant
theories alongside detailed, real-life case studies that
demonstrate the value of thermofluid modeling and simulation as an
integral part of the engineering process. Research problems and
modeling solutions across a range of energy efficiency scenarios
are presented by experts, helping users build a sustainable
engineering knowledge base. The text offers novel examples of the
use of computation fluid dynamics in relation to hot topics,
including passive air cooling and thermal storage. It is a valuable
resource for academics, engineers, and students undertaking
research in thermal engineering.
This book presents a case study on a new approach for the optimum
design of rooftop, grid-connected photovoltaic-system installation.
The study includes two scenarios using different brands of
commercially available PV modules and inverters. It investigates
and compares several different rooftop grid-connected PV-system
configurations taking into account PV modules and inverter
specifications. The book also discusses the detailed dynamic
MATLAB/Simulink model of the proposed rooftop grid-connected PV
system, and uses this model to estimate the energy production
capabilities, cost of energy (COE), simple payback time (SPBT) and
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for each configuration. The book
then presents a comprehensive small signal MATLAB/Simulink model
for the DC-DC converter operated under continuous conduction mode
(CCM). First, the buck converter is modeled using state-space
average model and dynamic equations, depicting the converter, are
derived. Then a detailed MATLAB/Simulink model utilizing
SimElectronics (R) Toolbox is developed. Lastly, the robustness of
the converter model is verified against input voltage variations
and step load changes.
Offering a cross-country examination and comparison of drought
awareness and experience, this book shows how scientists, water
managers, and policy makers approach drought and water scarcity in
arid and semi-arid regions of Spain, Mexico, Australia, South
Africa and the United States.
Leaving aside human and social capital for a future volume, the
book should be viewed as a crucial first step in developing
indicators for total wealth in the countries covered by the case
studies, which include Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Ethiopia,
Mozambique and South Africa. These case studies experiment with
implementing the SEAA in sub-Saharan nations known to suffer from
the 'resource curse': their wealth in resources and commodities has
allowed inflows of liquidity, yet this cash has not funded crucial
developments in infrastructure or education. What's more,
resource-driven economies are highly vulnerable to commodity price
mutability. The new measures of wealth deployed here offer more
hope for the future in these countries than they themselves would
once have allowed for.
The Qattara Depression is part of the Northwestern Desert in Egypt
and is home to the second lowest point in Africa at -133 meters
below sea level. Therefore, before any projects can be carried out
in this area, we must first understand the geology of the land. The
present study deals with the high-resolution sequence stratigraphic
analysis of the Lower Miocene Moghra Formation outcrops in the
Qattara Depression Region. The literature on the sedimentology and
sequence stratigraphy of the Moghra Formation has been sparse to
date, despite some excellent work over the years by academic and
petroleum workers. Moreover, the area studied is within what was
once a front-line of World War II, where mine fields and war relics
are scattered and cover wide reaches. This has resulted in limited
geologic mapping in the past. Thus, great attention is paid in this
study to establishing a robust sedimentology and high-resolution
sequence stratigraphic framework for the Lower Miocene Moghra
Formation. Included are works based on outcrops and, most
importantly, new sedimentological and chronostratigraphic
information not previously available.
One of the early set of reforms that South Africa embarked on after
emerging from apartheid was in the water sector, following a
remarkable, consultative process. The policy and legal reforms were
comprehensive and covered almost all aspects of water management
including revolutionary changes in defining and allocating rights
to water, radical reforms in water management and supply
institutions, the introduction of the protection of environmental
flows, and major shifts in charging for water use and in the
provision of free basic water. Over ten years of implementation of
these policy and legislative changes mean that valu-able lessons
have already been learned and useful experiences gained in the
challenge of effective water resources management and water
services provision in a middle income country.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First EurAsian Conference on Information and Communication Technology, EurAsia-ICT 2002, held in Shiraz, Iran, in October 2002. The 116 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 300 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on artificial intelligence, data mining, multimedia, security, neural networks, data and knowledge engineering, XML, mobile communication, computer graphics, digital libraries, natural language processing, Internet and QoS, information society, e-learning, mobile Web information systems, wireless communications, Web-based applications, intelligent agents, real-time sytems, software engineering, algorithms, and theoretical computer science.
Proposed Formation of an Arab Union (AU) Modeled on European Union
(EU) Awakens and Advances the Arab World Region and population as
it did EU
"By the end of the World War II (1945), drastic changes
occurred in world political and economic order. The world nations'
concept of old style colonialism and super nationalism, which were
practiced prior to the war were completely discarded;replaced by a
new geopolitical and economic world order. Great emphasis and
concern were also directed on how nations can fix the already war
damaged pre- and post-war world economy by shifting their effort
toward the revival and development of their prewar and postwar
techno- economic status. This same R&D-based techno-economic
approach was joined by many other already or newly independent
nations such as the Pacific Ridge Countries and by the huge lands
and massive populations of: Brazil, Russia, India and China. The
plan yielded them the recently acquired advanced or merging naion's
status. Contrary to these groups, many other nations/regions fail
to pursue the same advanced plan; remaining as they were, suffering
non-developed status. This chapter deals with the proposal: "how to
change the status of those from developing to that of advance
developed nations/regions status by following and rigidly
implementing advanced nations' techno-economic plan. The proposal
utilizes the establishment of the proposed Arab Union modeled on
European Union as an example, illustrating the process; also how
the proposed plan - the proposal - was generalized to cover other
would-be cases that are determined and have the willing power to
make the conversion move from poor, developing to that of rich,
advanced status."
Contributors to this issue of Nka complicate the key paradigms that
have shaped the theories and cultural productions of the African
diaspora by offering a critical and nuanced analysis of global
black consciousness. Literary scholars, historians, visual art
critics, and diaspora theorists explore the confluence between
theories of African diaspora and theories of decolonization. They
examine the intersections of visual art, literature, film, and
other cultural productions alongside the crosscurrents that shaped
the transnational flow of black consciousness. The contributors
revisit major black and Pan-African intellectual movements and
festivals in the 1960s and 1970s, including the Dakar Festival of
World Negro Arts held in Dakar in 1966, the Pan-African Cultural
Festival in 1969 in Algiers, and FESTAC 1977 in Lagos, Nigeria.
Throughout this issue, the contributors examine both the problem
and promise of mobilizing "blackness" as a unifying concept.
Contributors: Hisham Aidi, Souleymane Bachir Diagne, Ahmed
Bedjaoui, Margo Natalie Crawford, Romi Crawford, Lydie Diakhate,
Manthia Diawara, Amanda Gilvin, Salah M. Hassan, Shannen Hill,
Tsitsi Jaji, Barbara Murray, Zita Nunes, Ugochukwu-Smooth C. Nzewi,
Richard J. Powell, Holiday Powers, Shana L. Redmond, Penny M. Von
Eschen, Dagmawi Woubshet
The ongoing conflict in the western Sudanese region of Darfur
has received unprecedented attention from the international media
and human rights organizations, and it has captured the attention
of millions of people around the world. Those seeking to learn
about the conflict, as well as those who have reported on it, often
rely on information produced by the various organizations that are
addressing the humanitarian crises spawned by the conflict. In
turn, most coverage of the Darfur crisis provides only a cursory
understanding of the historical, economic, political, sociological,
and environmental factors that contribute to the conflict.
Moreover, the perspectives of the people of Darfur and the Sudan
have not been adequately heard. As a result, Sudanese civil
society's active engagement in resolving the country's problems
goes unrecognized.
Darfur and the Crisis of Governance in Sudan remedies this
situation by bringing together a diverse group of contributors from
Sudan and beyond scholars, activists, NGO and aid workers, members
of government and the Darfurian rebel movements, and artists who
share a deep knowledge of the situation in Darfur and Sudan.
Together, they provide the most comprehensive, balanced, and
nuanced account yet published of the conflict's roots and the
contemporary realities that shape the experiences of those living
in the region. The cross-disciplinary dialogue fostered by Salah M.
Hassan and Carina E. Ray yields a comprehensive understanding of
the causes, manifestations, and implications of the ongoing
conflict.
Many of the contributors emphasize that despite the
international attention Darfur has received, it is those within
Darfur and Sudan both in preexisting organizations and in newly
formed alliances who have taken the lead in seeking local
solutions. This book features a portfolio of affecting full-color
photographs of daily life in Darfur by the acclaimed photographer
Issam A. Abdelhafiez and, significantly, an extensive appendix of
official local and international documents about the conflict laws,
decrees, resolutions, reports, and governmental statements that
have shaped both the crisis and its global perception. Collected
here for the first time, these documents are invaluable as primary
sources for researchers, students, activists, NGOs, and anyone else
trying to understand the complexities of the crisis.
Contributors: Issam A. Abdel Hafiez; Musa Adam Abdul-Jalil;
Abaker Mohamed Abuelbashar; Rogaia Mustafa Abusharaf; Eric Kofi
Acree; Ali B. Ali Dinar; Munzoul A.M. Assal; Alex de Waal; Atta
El-Battahani; Kamal El-Gizouli; Abdel Monim Elgak; Abdullahi Osman
El-Tom; Grant Farred; Adrienne Fricke; Fahima A. Hashim; Salah M.
Hassan; Amira Khair; Mansour Khalid; Mahmood Mamdani; Carina E.
Ray; Karin Willemse; Benaiah Yongo-Bure; Al-Tayib Zain
Al-Abdin"
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