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The ovary is a suitable organ for studying the processes of cell
death. Cell death was first described in the rabbit ovary
(Graaffian follicles), the phenomenon being called 'chromatolysis'.
To date, it is recognized that various forms of cell death
(programmed cell death, apoptosis and autophagy) are essential
components of ovarian development and function. Programmed cell
death is responsable for the ovarian endowment of primordial
follicles around birth; in the prepuberal and adult period,
apoptosis is a basic mechanism by which oocytes are eliminated by
cancer therapies and environmental toxicants; in the ovarian cycle,
follicular atresia and luteal regression involve follicular cell
apoptosis. Finally, abnormalities in cell death processes may lead
to ovarian disease such as cancer and chemoresistance. In this
book, after an introductory description of various forms of cell
death and of the ovary development and function in mammals, the
processes of cell death in ovarian somatic cells and oocytes are
described at cytological, physiological and molecular levels and
analyzed in the embryonic, prepuberal and adult ovary. A complex
array of molecular pathways triggered by extrinsic and intrinsic
signals able tor induce or suppress cell death in the same cell,
according to cell type and ovary developmental stage, emerges.
Physiological interactions with the axis hypothalamus-hypophysis as
well as ovarian internal functional signal are also critically
reviewed to explain the abortive development of follicles before
the beginning of the ovarian cycle. The book conveys information
useful to the updating of biologists and physicians who are
interested to the ovary biology and functions. Hopefully it should
provide also clues for stimulating novel experiments in the study
of cell death in the mammalian ovary still at an early stage.
The ovary is a suitable organ for studying the processes of cell
death. Cell death was first described in the rabbit ovary
(Graaffian follicles), the phenomenon being called 'chromatolysis'.
To date, it is recognized that various forms of cell death
(programmed cell death, apoptosis and autophagy) are essential
components of ovarian development and function. Programmed cell
death is responsable for the ovarian endowment of primordial
follicles around birth; in the prepuberal and adult period,
apoptosis is a basic mechanism by which oocytes are eliminated by
cancer therapies and environmental toxicants; in the ovarian cycle,
follicular atresia and luteal regression involve follicular cell
apoptosis. Finally, abnormalities in cell death processes may lead
to ovarian disease such as cancer and chemoresistance. In this
book, after an introductory description of various forms of cell
death and of the ovary development and function in mammals, the
processes of cell death in ovarian somatic cells and oocytes are
described at cytological, physiological and molecular levels and
analyzed in the embryonic, prepuberal and adult ovary. A complex
array of molecular pathways triggered by extrinsic and intrinsic
signals able tor induce or suppress cell death in the same cell,
according to cell type and ovary developmental stage, emerges.
Physiological interactions with the axis hypothalamus-hypophysis as
well as ovarian internal functional signal are also critically
reviewed to explain the abortive development of follicles before
the beginning of the ovarian cycle. The book conveys information
useful to the updating of biologists and physicians who are
interested to the ovary biology and functions. Hopefully it should
provide also clues for stimulating novel experiments in the study
of cell death in the mammalian ovary still at an early stage.
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