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This volume addresses the issues, complications and treatments that
face hip specialists and general orthopaedic surgeons in both the
surgical and non-surgical treatment of hip fractures. Over 500
photographs and drawings explain the various types of hip
fractures. In addition, this book covers epidemiology and
mechanisms of injury, diagnosis, treatment principles,
rehabilitation, outcome assessment, and the economics of treatment
and prevention. Hip Fractures provides complete coverage of the
diagnostic and technical techniques making it the definitive source
for decision making.
An ambitious, comprehensive assessment of the current status of
neotropical migratory birds in the USA, and the methods and
strategies for conserving migrant populations. This book covers the
full scope of the subject, with chapters reviewing and assessing
the topics written as consensus documents by several of the leading
workers. Contents include population trends, seasonal variations,
habitat requirements during migration, impacts and effects of
silviculture and agricultural practices, landscape ecology, habitat
grazing effects, and single-species versus multiple-species
approaches.
The apparent decline in numbers among many species of migratory
songbirds is a timely subject in conservation biology, particularly
for ornithologists, ecologists, and wildlife managers. This book is
an attempt to discuss the problem in full scope. It presents an
ambitious, comprehensive assessment of the current status of
neotropical migratory birds in the U.S., and the methods and
strategies used to conserve migrant populations. Each chapter is an
essay reviewing and assessing the trend from a different viewpoint,
all written by leaders in the fields of ornithology, conservation,
and population biology.
This report, "Assessment of Grassland Ecosystem Conditions in the
Southwestern United States: Wildlife and Fish," is volume 2 of a
two-volume ecological assessment of grassland ecosystems in the
Southwestern United States, and it is part of a series of planned
publications addressing major ecosystems of the Southwest. Volume
1, An Assessment of Grassland Ecosystem Conditions in the Southwest
(Finch, editor, 2004), focused on the ecology, types, conditions,
and management practices of Southwestern grasslands. The second
volume (herein) describes wildlife and fish species, their habitat
requirements, and species-specific management concerns, in
Southwestern grasslands. The first Southwestern ecological
assessment, General Technical Report RM-GTR-295, emphasized
forested ecosystems and was titled, An Assessment of Forest
Ecosystem Health in the Southwest (by Dahms and Geils, editors,
1997). Given the complexities of grassland ecology and the
increasing number of challenges facing grassland managers, the USDA
Forest Service Southwestern Region, in partnership with the
agency's Rocky Mountain Research Station, focused on grasslands in
its second assessment. The assessment is regional in scale and
pertains primarily to lands administered by the Southwestern Region
(Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Oklahoma) of the U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Forest Service. Broad-scale assessments are
syntheses of current scientific knowledge, including a description
of uncertainties and assumptions, to provide a characterization and
comprehensive description of ecological, social, and economic
components within an assessment area (USDA Forest Service 1999b). A
primary purpose of volume 2 of the grassland assessment is to
provide information to employees of the National Forest System for
managing habitats and lands for wildlife and fish populations, both
at the Forest Plan level for Plan amendments and revisions, and at
the project level to place site-specific activities within the
larger framework. This volume should also be useful to State,
municipal, other Federal agencies, and to private landowners that
manage or regulate wildlife and fish populations and their habitats
in the Southwestern United States. The assessment is not a decision
document because it identifies issues and risks to grassland
ecosystems that provide the foundation for future changes to Forest
Plans or project activities, but it does not make any site-specific
decisions or recommendations.
Sustained conservation of species requires integration of future
climate change effects, but few tools exist to assist managers. The
System for Assessing Vulnerability of Species (SAVS) identifies the
relative vulnerability or resilience of vertebrate species to
climate change. Designed for managers, the SAVS is an easily
applied tool that uses a questionnaire of 22 predictive criteria to
create vulnerability scores. The user scores species' attributes
relating to potential vulnerability or resilience associated with
projections for their region. Six scores are produced: an overall
score denoting level of vulnerability or resilience, four
categorical scores (habitat, physiology, phenology, and biotic
interactions) indicating source of vulnerability, and an
uncertainty score, which reflects user confidence in the predicted
response. The SAVS provides a framework for integrating new
information into the climate change assessment process.
Experimental research and species distribution modeling predict
that large changes in the distributions of species and vegetation
types will occur due to climate change. Species responses will
depend not only on their physiological tolerances but also on their
phenology, establishment properties, biotic interactions (Brown and
others 1997), and ability to evolve and migrate (Davis and Shaw
2001). The capacity of species and, thus, their distributions to
respond to a warming environment also will be affected by changing
disturbance regimes and other global change factors (Turner 2010).
Because individual species respond to climate variation and change
independently and differently, plant assemblages with no modern
analogs can be expected (Williams and Jackson 2007). New plant
assemblages might also arise in areas where novel climatic
conditions develop (Williams and Jackson 2007). Support for
predictions of novel climate regimes and corresponding plant
assemblages is found in studies examining relationships among
paleo-climate and plant community reconstructions. As Williams and
Jackson (2007) pointed out: (1) many past ecological communities
are compositionally unlike modern communities; (2) the formation
and dissolution of past "no-analog" communities appear to be
climatically driven and linked to climates without modern analogs;
(3) many future climate regimes will probably lack modern analogs;
and (4) novel communities and surprises should be expected in the
future. Novel climate conditions coupled with vegetation
communities that lack modern analogs pose significant challenges
for resource managers. Accurate predictions of how species
distributions will change under future warming are essential for
developing effective strategies for maintaining and restoring
sustainable ecosystems (Harris and others 2006). Several factors
make predicting how species distributions and vegetation
communities will change difficult. Global Circulation Models (GCMs)
exhibit significant variation in forecasts of future temperature
and especially precipitation (Christensen and others 2007). This
variation is often amplified for topographically variable areas
such as the Interior West (Rehfeldt 2006; Saenz-Romero and others
2010). In addition, information on species' relationships to
climate variables is often lacking and must be inferred from data
on current species distributions. And other factors such as
competitive interactions with other species and disturbance regimes
often obfuscate interpretation of species climate profiles in
projected future climate space. In grassland, shrubland, and desert
ecosystems, our understanding of likely changes in climate is
limited. Also, we lack information on the climate profiles of the
vast majority of species. Here, we provide (1) current forecasts
for changes in climate over the remainder of the century and (2)
available predictions for changes in regional vegetation types and
individual species distributions. We then discuss the types of
approaches that can be used to increase our predictive capacity and
the research needs for these ecosystems.
The Making of the Modern Law: Legal Treatises, 1800-1926 includes
over 20,000 analytical, theoretical and practical works on American
and British Law. It includes the writings of major legal theorists,
including Sir Edward Coke, Sir William Blackstone, James Fitzjames
Stephen, Frederic William Maitland, John Marshall, Joseph Story,
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. and Roscoe Pound, among others. Legal
Treatises includes casebooks, local practice manuals, form books,
works for lay readers, pamphlets, letters, speeches and other works
of the most influential writers of their time. It is of great value
to researchers of domestic and international law, government and
politics, legal history, business and economics, criminology and
much more.++++The below data was compiled from various
identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title.
This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure
edition identification: ++++Harvard Law School
LibraryCTRG95-B3519Title from cover.Ithaca, N.Y.: The University,
1901. 16 p.; 20 cm
The Making of the Modern Law: Legal Treatises, 1800-1926 includes
over 20,000 analytical, theoretical and practical works on American
and British Law. It includes the writings of major legal theorists,
including Sir Edward Coke, Sir William Blackstone, James Fitzjames
Stephen, Frederic William Maitland, John Marshall, Joseph Story,
Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. and Roscoe Pound, among others. Legal
Treatises includes casebooks, local practice manuals, form books,
works for lay readers, pamphlets, letters, speeches and other works
of the most influential writers of their time. It is of great value
to researchers of domestic and international law, government and
politics, legal history, business and economics, criminology and
much more.++++The below data was compiled from various
identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title.
This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure
edition identification: ++++Harvard Law School
Libraryocm12856351Ithaca, N.Y.: The University, 1894. 16 p.; 22 cm.
This scarce antiquarian book is a selection from Kessinger
Publishing's Legacy Reprint Series. Due to its age, it may contain
imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed
pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we
have made it available as part of our commitment to protecting,
preserving, and promoting the world's literature. Kessinger
Publishing is the place to find hundreds of thousands of rare and
hard-to-find books with something of interest for everyone!
Clear, concise, modern, this revision will be welcomed as a
contribution of outstanding value by physicians, psychiatrists,
teachers, students, social workers, psychologists, and those
working in related fields.
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