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This volume is one of those published from the proceedings of the
invited lectures to the First International Congress of Comparative
Physiology and Biochemistry I organized at Liege (Belgium) in
August 1984 under the auspices of the Section of Comparative
Physiology and Biochemistry of the International Union of
Biological Sciences. In a general foreword to these different
volumes, it seems to me appropriate to consider briefly what may be
the comparative approach. Living organisms, beyond the diversity of
their morphological forms, have evolved a widespread range of basic
solutions to cope with the different problems, both organismal and
environmental with which they are faced. Soon after the turn of the
century, some biologists realized that these solutions can be best
comprehended in the frame work of a comparative approach
integrating results of physiological and biochemical studies done
at the organismic, cellular and molecular levels. The development
of this approach amongst both physiologists and biochemists
remained, however, extremely slow until recently."
The aim of this symposium was to provide a framework for fruitful
discussion on intestinal transport, not only for advanced
scientists but also for younger people starting in this field of
research. Invited lectures, communications and poster presentations
were focused on four central themes, all treating the prop erties
of the sole intestinal epithelium, deliberately leaving aside
problems dealing with more integrative functions of the whole
intestine. The importance of motility or blood circulation, for
instance, is certainly capital in the overall intestinal function,
but these aspects by themselves deserve another meeting. This
volume has compiled the manuscripts of the invited lectures which
sub stantially comprised the four sessions of the Symposium. Part 1
is designed to emphasize actual knowledge of the transport of
water, inorganic as well as organic ions and molecules across the
isolated intestinal epithelium. An enormous wave of investigations
has emerged from studies per formed with "Ussing chambers," which
roused interest in studies on absorption mechanisms and
subsequently on secretory processes. This has triggered off a trend
to research on isolated cells as absorption and secretion are the
main func tion of the different cell types constituting the
intestinal epithelium. In this first session not only the
importance of the parallel arrangement of these different cellular
entities is stressed, but also the role played by the paracellular
route."
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