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This edited collection examines various facets of governance - the
organization and steering of political processes within society -
for a better understanding of the complexities of contemporary
policy making.
This edited collection examines various facets of governance - the
organization and steering of political processes within society -
for a better understanding of the complexities of contemporary
policy making.
Meritocracy and Its Discontents investigates the wider social,
political, religious, and economic dimensions of the Gaokao,
China's national college entrance exam, as well as the
complications that arise from its existence. Each year, some nine
million high school seniors in China take the Gaokao, which
determines college admission and provides a direct but difficult
route to an urban lifestyle for China's hundreds of millions of
rural residents. But with college graduates struggling to find good
jobs, some are questioning the exam's legitimacy-and, by extension,
the fairness of Chinese society. Chronicling the experiences of
underprivileged youth, Zachary M. Howlett's research illuminates
how people remain captivated by the exam because they regard it as
fateful-an event both consequential and undetermined. He finds that
the exam enables people both to rebel against the social hierarchy
and to achieve recognition within it. In Meritocracy and Its
Discontents, Howlett contends that the Gaokao serves as a pivotal
rite of passage in which people strive to personify cultural
virtues such as diligence, composure, filial devotion, and divine
favor.
Meritocracy and Its Discontents investigates the wider social,
political, religious, and economic dimensions of the Gaokao,
China's national college entrance exam, as well as the
complications that arise from its existence. Each year, some nine
million high school seniors in China take the Gaokao, which
determines college admission and provides a direct but difficult
route to an urban lifestyle for China's hundreds of millions of
rural residents. But with college graduates struggling to find good
jobs, some are questioning the exam's legitimacy-and, by extension,
the fairness of Chinese society. Chronicling the experiences of
underprivileged youth, Zachary M. Howlett's research illuminates
how people remain captivated by the exam because they regard it as
fateful-an event both consequential and undetermined. He finds that
the exam enables people both to rebel against the social hierarchy
and to achieve recognition within it. In Meritocracy and Its
Discontents, Howlett contends that the Gaokao serves as a pivotal
rite of passage in which people strive to personify cultural
virtues such as diligence, composure, filial devotion, and divine
favor.
The various service Reserve Components have been a critical part of
the Total Force for several decades. Although great efforts were
undertaken to ?operationalize? the Reserve Component over the last
few years, future requirements will likely not justify a fully
manned, trained, and equipped operational reserve. The Department
of Defense will not likely be able to simultaneously afford both a
robust active component and an operational reserve; expected
shortfalls require a change in how the reserves are structured and
utilized. With the expected reduction of American presence abroad,
and likely economic austerity for the military, the United States
must rethink the missions, requirements, and readiness of the
reserve components. If elements of the reserve component operated
at lower levels of readiness and training, significant costs could
be saved. Potential deployment options for the reserves must be
predictive, should best leverage existing reserve capabilities, and
should accurately assess costs for equipment and resources. Options
to save costs include reducing reserve training days, exploring
creative solutions to equipment shortfalls, and better assessing
training requirements for reserve units. Although it will involve
certain risks, the Department of Defense must review and transform
the policies and options in which reserve units are trained,
equipped, and employed.
The aesthetics of frame theory form the basis of "Framing
Shakespeare on Film." This groundbreaking work expands on the
discussion of film constructivists in its claim that the spectacle
of Shakespeare on film is a problem-solving activity.
Kathy Howlett demonstrates convincingly how viewers' expectations
for understanding Shakespeare on film can be manipulated by the
director's cinematic technique. Emphasizing that the successful
film can transform Shakespeare's text while remaining rooted in
Shakespearean conceptions, Howlett raises the question of how
directors and audiences understand the genre of Shakespeare on film
and reveals how the medium alters the patterns through which the
audience views Shakespeare.
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