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R. P. PHARIS and D. M. REID The idea of a separate Encydopedia
volume dealing with the "interrelations of plant hormones with
factors in the environment of the plant, and its organs and
tissues" originated with N. P. KEFFORD, and we are most
appreciative of the help and advice provided by Prof. KEFFORD in
the formative stages of this volume. We have thus interpreted
"environment" very broadly to indude not only factors external to
the plant, e. g. , gravity, light, temperature, wind, mechanieal
wounding, water, organism s (induding pollen), and magnetic and
electric stimuli, but internaI factors as well (e. g. , nutrients,
both inorganic and photoassimilate, direction, and time). In our
definition of "hormonaI effect", or "hormonaI involvement", we have
asked our authors to take a broad ap proach, and to examine not
only phenomena that are mediated by the known plant hormones, but
to discuss as well a wide variety of processes and events where
hormonal involvement is implied through more indirect analyses and
observations. The volume begins with environmental factors internaI
to the plant; R. J. WEAVER and J. O. JOHNSON thus examine "hormones
and nutrients", their inter relationship in movement, accumulation,
and diversion. As one studies a plant during its rapid growth
phase, and later as maturation and aging proceed, it becomes
apparent that time is an environmental cue of great significance,
one which may exert a major influence via hormonal messages.
Designed to be a practical handbook on clinical trial management in
these key therapeutic areas, 'Clinical Trials in Rheumatoid
Arthritis and Osteoarthritis' is aimed at principal investigators
pharmaceutical physicians and other pharmaceutical staff involved
in the design, conduct and monitoring of these increasingly complex
diseases. In the last several years a new classes of biologic
agents have emerged and changed the treatment paradigm for
patients, not only with classically defined rheumatoid arthritis,
but also with other related diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis
and psoriatic arthritis. Furthermore, osteoarthritis is a major
disease state that is often treated by the rheumatologist, but is
one where patient management programs are currently limited with a
need for new therapeutic approaches. In both inflammatory and
non-inflammatory arthritic conditions, clinical trials have become
both large and complex due to the nature of the diseases, with
ever-challenging new surrogate end-points being employed. Topics
covered in this title will therefore include study design, clinical
endpoints, technical issues, data collection, use of centralized
medical image reading facilities and biochemical marker
laboratories, as well as data analysis and future therapies. This
book takes the user through the process step-by-step from start to
finish, also providing a background on the regulatory guidelines,
ethical implications, endpoints, and current therapies.
This book is the outcome of the 1996 Warwick Algebraic Geometry
EuroConference, containing seventeen survey and research articles
selected from the most outstanding contemporary research topics in
algebraic geometry. Several of the articles are expository: among
these a beautiful short exposition by Paranjape of the new and very
simple approach to the resolution of singularities; a detailed
essay by Ito and Nakamura on the ubiquitous A, D, E classification,
centered around simple surface singularities; a discussion by
Morrison of the new special Lagrangian approach to giving geometric
foundations to mirror symmetry; and two deep, informative surveys
by Siebert and Behrend on Gromow-Witten invariants, treating them
from the point of view of algebraic and symplectic geometry. The
remaining articles cover a wide cross section of the most
significant research topics in algebraic geometry. This includes
Gromow-Witten invariants, Hodge theory, Calabi-Yau 3-folds, mirror
symmetry and classification of varieties.
Wholeheartedly recommended to every student and user of
mathematics, this is an extremely original and highly informative
essay on algebra and its place in modern mathematics and science.
From the fields studied in every university maths course, through
Lie groups to cohomology and category theory, the author shows how
the origins of each concept can be related to attempts to model
phenomena in physics or in other branches of mathematics. Required
reading for mathematicians, from beginners to experts.
Traditionally, Historical Archaeology has had a North American or
European stance, focusing on the interplay between historical
documents and the archaeological record. For Africa, with its
non-traditional historical sources, this interplay is not as
applicable. These sources also inform the period of contact with
Europeans, during which the shape of the modern continent was
inexorably defined. By focusing on such sources, it becomes
possible to present historical understandings which access African
experiences with outsiders and other African populations.
This volume explores the range of interactions between the
historical sources and archaeology that are available on the
African continent. The contributions, written by a range of experts
on different aspects of African archaeology, present the underlying
issues such as:
- The conflict and collaboration in the foundation of modern
Africa;
- African trading communities maintaining their independence from
Europe;
- The impacts of the Atlantic slave trade.
This represents the first consideration of historical
archaeology over the African continent as a whole and therefore
provides an important review for African archaeologists and
historians. This seminal volume also explores Africa's place in
global systems of thought and economic development for historical
archaeologists and historians alike.
Traditionally, Historical Archaeology has had a North American or
European stance, focusing on the interplay between historical
documents and the archaeological record. For Africa, with its
non-traditional historical sources, this interplay is not as
applicable. These sources also inform the period of contact with
Europeans, during which the shape of the modern continent was
inexorably defined. By focusing on such sources, it becomes
possible to present historical understandings which access African
experiences with outsiders and other African populations. This
volume explores the range of interactions between the historical
sources and archaeology that are available on the African
continent. The contributions, written by a range of experts on
different aspects of African archaeology, present the underlying
issues such as: The conflict and collaboration in the foundation of
modern Africa; African trading communities maintaining their
independence from Europe; The impacts of the Atlantic slave trade.
over the African continent as a whole and therefore provides an
important review for African archaeologists and historians. This
seminal volume also explores Africa's place in global systems of
thought and economic development for historical archaeologists and
historians alike.
This book is devoted to the theory of geometries which are locally
Euclidean, in the sense that in small regions they are identical to
the geometry of the Euclidean plane or Euclidean 3-space. Starting
from the simplest examples, we proceed to develop a general theory
of such geometries, based on their relation with discrete groups of
motions of the Euclidean plane or 3-space; we also consider the
relation between discrete groups of motions and crystallography.
The description of locally Euclidean geometries of one type shows
that these geometries are themselves naturally represented as the
points of a new geometry. The systematic study of this new geometry
leads us to 2-dimensional Lobachevsky geometry (also called
non-Euclidean or hyperbolic geometry) which, following the logic of
our study, is constructed starting from the properties of its group
of motions. Thus in this book we would like to introduce the reader
to a theory of geometries which are different from the usual
Euclidean geometry of the plane and 3-space, in terms of examples
which are accessible to a concrete and intuitive study. The basic
method of study is the use of groups of motions, both discrete
groups and the groups of motions of geometries. The book does not
presuppose on the part of the reader any preliminary knowledge
outside the limits of a school geometry course.
Wholeheartedly recommended to every student and user of
mathematics, this is an extremely original and highly informative
essay on algebra and its place in modern mathematics and science.
From the fields studied in every university maths course, through
Lie groups to cohomology and category theory, the author shows how
the origins of each concept can be related to attempts to model
phenomena in physics or in other branches of mathematics. Required
reading for mathematicians, from beginners to experts.
DETAILED COVERAGE OF LOW-NOISE SYSTEMS IN THE DEEP SPACE NETWORK
This book explores the low-noise microwave systems that form the
front end of all DSN ground receiving stations. It explains why the
front end of each antenna is key to establishing the sensitivity,
polarization, frequency diversity, and capabilities of the
receiving chain and, therefore, the entire ground station. The book
uses precise definitions, measurements, and calibrations of system
noise temperature for the calculations based on IEEE standards-an
approach that is not generally used in industry and research-which
facilitates clarity, understanding, and cross-referencing
throughout the book. With the guidance of this book, readers will
gain unprecedented insight into all of the major topics needed to
understand how to improve a ground station's receiving capability.
Low-Noise Systems in the Deep Space Network provides:* A
description of all internal and external noise elements* A complete
analysis of ruby maser microwave preamplifiers and closed-cycle
refrigerators* A comprehensive discussion of high electron mobility
transistors (HEMT), including theory, operation, calibration, noise
modeling, and characterization* A look at external noise and
changing atmospheric conditions* An overview of antenna gain All
noise contributions in the front end are detailed in their
measurement and calibration, with an emphasis on achieving maximum
accuracy and precision. Each step is analyzed with mathematical
rigor, so that the logic trail can be followed throughout.
Conversely, the author also provides the overall summary of
measurements, error analyses, and statistical results. The book is
complemented with copious photographs, diagrams, graphs, and
tables; an extensive list of acronyms and abbreviations;
cross-references; and an extended list of equations brought
together compactly for easy reference. It is an invaluable resource
for designers and operators of communications systems, radio- and
radar-astronomy stations, space-research facilities, and
interferometry observatories. It is also suitable for a range of
scientists, engineers, and management personnel, and advanced
undergraduate and graduate students in engineering and mathematics.
Persian folklore has been handed down from generation to generation
for centuries in an effort to understand the past and pass on
valuable lessons. Mehry M. Reid remembers sitting next to her
grandmother, as she relayed captivating stories adapted to express
her own feelings, hopes, and desires. These stories, which her
grandmother first heard from her own mother and grandmother, began
Reid's fascination with the Persian legends and folktales that she
has selected and reinterpreted in "Persian Legends." As Reid
transports readers of all ages on an unforgettable journey through
ancient Persia, she highlights an eclectic group of characters
comprised of people, animals, and objects that trace historical
events, share legends most favored in Persian culture, and offer
tales that convey their meanings in simple, often humorous ways.
Take a walk with Princess Mina in the rose garden; listen to the
king's storyteller; travel to the mountain of the forty virgins;
discover the charm of the red diamond; and go to the crystal cave
and drink from the wish fountain. "Persian Legends: A Book of 101
Stories" shares a memorable collection of legends and tales that
provides a glimpse into Persian history, helps others appreciate
ancient tales, and most importantly, preserves the legacy of folk
literature for future generations.
Persian folklore has been handed down from generation to generation
for centuries in an effort to understand the past and pass on
valuable lessons. Mehry M. Reid remembers sitting next to her
grandmother, as she relayed captivating stories adapted to express
her own feelings, hopes, and desires. These stories, which her
grandmother first heard from her own mother and grandmother, began
Reid's fascination with the Persian legends and folktales that she
has selected and reinterpreted in "Persian Legends." As Reid
transports readers of all ages on an unforgettable journey through
ancient Persia, she highlights an eclectic group of characters
comprised of people, animals, and objects that trace historical
events, share legends most favored in Persian culture, and offer
tales that convey their meanings in simple, often humorous ways.
Take a walk with Princess Mina in the rose garden; listen to the
king's storyteller; travel to the mountain of the forty virgins;
discover the charm of the red diamond; and go to the crystal cave
and drink from the wish fountain. "Persian Legends: A Book of 101
Stories" shares a memorable collection of legends and tales that
provides a glimpse into Persian history, helps others appreciate
ancient tales, and most importantly, preserves the legacy of folk
literature for future generations.
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