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Food is supposed to nourish the body by providing the required
nutrients to build the body and provide the energy needed by cells
for our everyday lives. However, food has also been known to be a
major cause of diseases in the human body. Consuming certain types
of food in large quantities can result in common ailments such as
obesity, diabetes and diarrhea and many more. It is for this
realization that a lot of scientific studies have been carried out
on the role of food in diseases. Food related diseases are usually
classified as either infections or poisonings. Poisonings are known
to be caused by the ingestion of toxins that are in tissues of
particular animals and plants. They are also found in toxins
(metabolic products) formed and excreted by microorganisms (such as
algae, fungi or bacteria) while they multiply in poisonous
substances or foods that may be incidentally or intentionally added
to foods as a result of storing, transporting, processing or
producing. Infections are normally caused by the entrance of
pathogenic microorganisms and the reaction of the body to the
presence of the microorganisms or to the toxins the same generate
in the body. For example, intestinal infections are manifested by
in vivo mucosal penetration or enterotoxin production. After
mucosal penetration, the organisms either pass into other tissues
or multiply in the mucosa. With this, food related diseases are
classified according to the type of agent that is considered
responsible for the illness. It can be anything such as
radionuclides, poisonous chemicals, toxic animals, poisonous
plants, fungal (mushroom or mycotoxin), parasitic (helminthes,
trematodes, nematodes, cestodes, protozoan), rickettsial, viral and
bacterial. In each group the first to appear on the list are the
diseases of contemporary. Relative importance of every disease
varies from place to place and from time to time. This reference
will include majority of food related diseases. It will also
include the diseases that are food related despite the lack of
sufficient proof to deem this 100% food related. It will also
include the diseases that have a causative agent in foods, but at
the same time lack proof that transmission is unknown. The article
does not attempt to list all foods that are considered as
radionuclides, poisonous chemicals or poisonous plants. Instead,
plats that are mistaken for food or usually used as food are the
ones that have been reviewed. Foods of primary public health
importance have been listed. The symptoms of every disease are
normally placed in the order of their predominance or occurrence.
Take note that individual cases may not always manifest the
symptoms listed. In some cases, there will be presence of
additional symptoms and signs. The latent period (in poisons) or
incubation period of a disease is the time of consumption of
contaminated food to the point where the first symptoms are
experienced. This means individual cases are likely to have
incubation periods that vary form the times stipulated below.
Control measures below are listed in accordance to their level of
importance. Since a complete bibliography of the literature from
which this book was compiled would be very extensive, a few or one
of the references to each disease is provided merely as more of a
guideline.
Diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular, diabetes, obesity and
heart disease are referred to as Chronic because they tend to last
for a period of 3 months or more according to the United States
National Center for Health Statistics. These are diseases which
cannot be cured through medication and cannot be prevented through
vaccination. They have become a global epidemic in many developed
nations of the world and this field of research has an
unprecedented interest level. This book will tackle selected
reviews on the current strategies in the treatment and prevention
of chronic diseases by the use of the latest improvements in the
nontraditional plants, herbal remedies and food additives. This
book is composed of contribution from different scientist of
various parts of the world in addition to the participants of the
Essential Foods for the prevention and treatment of chronic
diseases international conference. Essential Foods Center was the
organizer of this conference and it was held on November 14th -15th
2005 in USA, Texas. The Main objective of this book is to present
the contribution of various types of foods which we refer to as
Essential foods in the treatment and prevention of chronic diseases
by bringing together experts in the food industry, biology and
medicine. This book will cover many articles which are intended to
give the practical usage of food supplements and botanicals by
experts in medicine globally in the case of hypertension, cancer
etc.
Religion plays an inevitable part in shaping our day to day lives,
inspires our values, influences our beliefs, and helps us build a
strong foundation of morals and ethics. On the other hand,
traveling also plays a pivotal role in lives as every human being
on this planet has to travel every day for various purposes. The
most appreciated and desired form of traveling is the one which is
done for leisure purposes. Traveling gives a person the opportunity
to explore every corner of the world. The form of travel that
brings both the purity of religion and the peace of traveling is
called "Religious Tourism". Religious tourism is one of the most
prominent and oldest forms of tourism but very little focus is
given on this prolific form of tourism. For years, religious
tourism has played significant role in establishing the
international tourism industry and diminishing the obstacles of
traveling beyond borders. The foundation of this book is derived
from both our personal and professional passion and enthusiasm in
tourism and our own religious backgrounds and religious belief
systems, which guide our everyday lives and enlightens everyone.
Every year millions of people travel to religiously sacred places
not only to perform their religious activities but also to
encounter the serenity of those places. This book focuses on the
evolution of major religions of the world, Religious places all
around the world, Religious practices all around the world and also
deals with topics like atheism, agnostic beliefs and different
kinds of religious practices such as nature religion and new age
religion. In addition to volume, this form of travel is
geographically widespread with most regions of the world being home
to sacred spaces that appeal to religious adherents or other people
who visit sacred spaces out of sheer curiosity. Given this lack of
information compared to other forms of tourism and the fact that
scholars, religious leaders and pilgrimage destination officials
continue to debate the nature of tourism, religion, pilgrimage and
religious tourism, the idea for this book developed. Scholars of
religion and scholars of tourism are brought together in this
volume to examine the social, economic, historical and political
elements of the religion and tourism crossover. The book aims to
create empirically an overview of various world religions and
spiritual movements and their dealings, requirements, practices and
traditions in relation to various forms of travel. Unfortunately,
space and time constraints necessarily limited the range and scope
of faiths that could have been analyzed. The decision to include a
specific belief system was based on availability of information and
expertise. In this approach, efforts were made to include
contributors who are both academic scholars and where possible
adherents of the belief systems under examination. In all but a few
cases, this was a notable success. Our hope is that this volume
will provide first-hand insight into the spiritual and religious
elements of tourism and provide a conceptual foundation for
increased research into this pervasive but understudied global
phenomenon.
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