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Simulation, like a gem, is multi-faceted. Several subfields of
simulation have emerged based on the characteristics of models used
in a simulation study, on the nature and the generation
characteristics of model behavior, also on the agent soch as a
computer which generates model behavior. For example, one
distinguishes: - deterministic simulation, stochastic simulation,
stiff simulation based on functional rela- tionships of descriptive
vuriables of models used; - combined simulation, continuous
simulation, discrete simulation, process simulation, dis- crete
event simulation, activity-scanning simulation based on
characteristics of descrip- tive variables of modelS; variable
topology simulation soch as moving boundary simulation, cellular
simulation and fixed topology simulation soch as boundary-value
simulation and network simulation (network flow simulation,
Petri-net simulation, bond-graph simulation) based on spatial
distribution of models; - simulation with fixed organization models
(soch as simulation with hierarchical models) and simulation with
variable organization models (i.e., autopoietic simulation) soch as
metamorphic simulation, simulation with self-organizating models,
simulation with self- learning models, evolutionary simulation
based on orgCl"lization of component models; - state-maintaining
simulation, behaviorally adaptive simulation, goal-seeking
simulation, purposive simulation, purposeful simulation,
ideal-seeking simulation based on goal(s) to be pursued by the
model; - trajectory simulation, stroctural simulation, real-time
simulation, predictive simulation, prescriptive simulation,
intermittent simulation (such as regenerative simulation, opti-
mizing simulation, gaming simulation, conferencing simulation,
on-line simulation) based on nature md generation characteristics
of model behavior; and - simulators such as aircraft simulator,
earthquake simulator where physical analog can be
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